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Vol. 2. Issue 2.
Pages 58-63 (March - April 2006)
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Vol. 2. Issue 2.
Pages 58-63 (March - April 2006)
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Condromatosis sinovial. Estudio de 39 pacientes
Synovial chondromatosis. A study of 39 patients
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N. Gómez-Rodrígueza,
Corresponding author
ngomez@povisa.es

Correspondencia: Dr. N. Gómez-Rodríguez. Colón, 28, 1.o. 36201 Vigo. España.
, Y. Penelas-Cortésb, M.C. de la Puenteb, I. Antón-Badiolac, J. Ibáñez-Ruána, M. González-Péreza, L. Sánchez-Lorenzod
a Servicio de Reumatología. Hospital POVISA. Vigo. Pontevedra. España
b Unidad de Codificación Diagnóstica. Hospial POVISA. Vigo. Pontevedra. España
c Servicio de Anatomía Patológica. Hospital POVISA. Vigo. Pontevedra. España
d Hospital Universitario de Santiago de Compostela. Santiago de Compostela. A Coruña. España
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Objetivo

Estudiar las manifestaciones clínicas, el empleo de las técnicas de diagnóstico por la imagen y la evolución de las condromatosis sinoviales en nuestra área sanitaria.

Pacientes y métodos

El hospital POVISA tiene vinculada una población de 127.000 habitantes. Se revisaron retrospectivamente las historias clínicas de todos los pacientes de nuestra área sanitaria en los que se estableció histológicamente el diagnóstico de condromatosis sinovial entre enero de 1992 y diciembre de 2003.

Resultados

Se recogieron 38 condromatosis de localización articular, todas monoarticulares, y 1 extraarticular, que correspondieron a 20 varones y a 19 mujeres, cuya edad (media±DE) en el momento del diagnóstico fue de 56,5±12,7 años (rango: 16-79 años). La principal localización articular fue la rodilla (15; 39,5%), seguida de la cadera (8; 21%) y de la temporomandibular y codo, ambas en 3 (7,9%) pacientes. Se documentó una artropatía previa en 18 (18/38; 47,4%) pacientes. El período sintomático previo al diagnóstico fue de 25,4±34 meses. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes fueron el dolor articular (100%), la restricción de la movilidad (77%) y la tumefacción (57%). Se realizaron radiografías simples en todos los pacientes y sugirieron el diagnóstico en 20 (51,3%) de ellos. Los hallazgos de la resonancia magnética orientaron al diagnóstico en 12 (80%) de los 15 pacientes en los que se solicitó. En todos los casos se procedió a la extracción de los cuerpos libres y a una sinovectomía que se realizó por vía artroscópica en 6. Fue necesario colocar una prótesis articular (cadera o rodilla) en 16 (42%) pacientes. Durante el seguimiento posquirúrgico (23,7±5,3 meses) no se identificó ningún caso de condrosarcoma y la tasa de recidivas fue baja (7,9%).

Conclusiones

En nuestro medio, casi la mitad (47,4%) de las condromatosis sinoviales asentaron sobre una articulación previamente dañada, la demora del diagnóstico superó los 2 años y fue necesaria una prótesis de cadera o rodilla en el 42% de los pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Condromatosis sinovial
Osteocondromatosis sinovial
Neoplasia
Sinovial
Objective

To study the clinical manifestations, use of diagnostic imaging techniques and outcome of patients with synovial chondromatosis in our health area.

Patients and methods

POVISA Hospital provides health services to a population of 127,000 inhabitants. The clinical histories of all the patients in this area who were histologically diagnosed with synovial chondromatosis between January 1992 and December 2003 were reviewed.

Results

There were 38 cases of joint chondromatosis, all monoarticular, and one case of extra-articular chondromatosis in 20 men and 19 women aged 56.5±12.7 years (mean±SD) at diagnosis (range: 16-79 years). The main joint affected was the knee (15; 39.5%), followed by the hip (8; 21%) and the temporomandibular joint and elbow, both of these in three patients (7.9%). Previous arthropathy was recorded in 18 patients (18/38, 47.4%). Symptom duration prior to diagnosis was 25.4±34 months. The most frequent clinical manifestations were joint pain (100%), restricted movement (77%) and swelling (57%). Plain radiographs were carried out in all patients and suggested the diagnosis in 20 (51.3%). Magnetic resonance imaging findings led to a diagnosis in 12 out of 15 patients in whom this procedure was required (80%). In all patients loose bodies were removed and synovectomy was performed by arthroscopic procedures in six. In 16 patients (42%) total joint replacement was required. The mean postoperative follow-up was 23.7±5.3 months. No cases of chondrosarcoma were identified and the recurrence rate was low (7.9%).

Conclusions

In our setting, almost half (47.4%) of the cases of synovial chondromatosis occurred in a previously damaged joint: the correct diagnosis was delayed by more than 2 years and total arthroplasty was required in 42% of the patients.

Key words:
Synovial chondromatosis
Synovial osteochondromatosis
Neoplasia
Synovial
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Copyright © 2006. Elsevier España S.L Barcelona
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