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La fibromialgia es un trastorno de dolor crónico osteomuscular de etiología desconocida y caracterizado por dolor generalizado. La investigación clínica y experimental ha demostrado que los pacientes con fibromialgia pueden presentar un aumento de la sensibilidad para el dolor en varias regiones corporales, junto con alteraciones neuroendocrinas y una activación anormal de regiones cerebrales implicadas en el dolor. Los datos recientes han demostrado también que el procesamiento afectivo y cognitivo de la información relacionada con el dolor se encuentra alterado en la fibromialgia. En nuestra opinión, todos estos resultados sugieren la presencia de un procesamiento anormal del dolor en el sistema nervioso central, que podría ser responsable del mantenimiento del dolor crónico en estos pacientes.
Palabras clave:
Cerebro
Dolor crónico
Emociones
Cognición
Hipersensibilidad
Fibromyalgia is a chronic musculoskeletal pain disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by widespread pain. Clinical and experimental research has demonstrated that patients with fibromyalgia may have enhanced pain sensitivity at several points of the body, together with neuroendocrine abnormalities, and abnormal activation of pain-related brain regions. Recent data have also shown that affective and cognitive processing of pain-related information could also be disturbed in fibromyalgia. In our opinion, all these findings suggest the existence of abnormal central pain processing, which could be responsible for the persistence of chronic pain in these patients.
Key words:
Brain
Chronic pain
Emotions
Cognition
Hypersensitivity
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