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Vol. 2. Issue 2.
Pages 70-77 (March - April 2006)
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Vol. 2. Issue 2.
Pages 70-77 (March - April 2006)
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Disfunción tiroidea en mujeres con sospecha de fibromialgia
Thyroid dysfunction in women with suspected fibromyalgia
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J. Rodríguez-Espinosaa,
Corresponding author
jrodrigueze@santpau.es

Correspondencia: Dr. J. Rodríguez-Espinosa. Servei de Bioquímica. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Avda. Sant Antoni M.ª Claret, 167. 08025 Barcelona. España.
, C. Díaz-Lópezb, M. Guinotc, C. Gelib, J.M. de Llobetb, A. Rodríguez de la Sernab
a Servei de Bioquímica Clínica. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Barcelona. España
b Unitat de Reumatologia. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Barcelona. España
c Servei d’Obstetricia i Ginecologia. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Barcelona. España
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Fundamento y objetivo

La fibromialgia (FM), por su prevalencia, morbilidad y tasa de frecuentación, representa un problema de salud y genera un elevado consumo de recursos sanitarios. La medida de tirotropina (TSH) en el suero se recomienda como prueba complementaria de primera línea para descartar hipotiroidismo como anomalía simuladora de la enfermedad. El objetivo fue analizar, en mujeres con sospecha de FM, la prevalencia de disfunción tiroidea (DT), la frecuencia de solicitud analítica de tirotropina, el efecto del tratamiento con levotiroxina y si se justifica o no el escrutinio de DT.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio descriptivo transversal. Desde enero de 2001 a octubre de 2004 se estudió a 400 mujeres consecutivas con sospecha de FM y a 384 controles. La medida de tirotropina se usó como primera prueba para detectar DT.

Resultados

La prevalencia de DT en la sospecha de FM (40/400; 10%, intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 7-13%) no difirió de la de controles (46/384; 12%, IC del 95%, 9-15%); tampoco al comparar distintos tipos y grados de DT. En la sospecha de FM, la DT fue más prevalente (p = 0,001) en portadoras (12%) que en no portadoras (5%) de enfermedad del tejido conectivo. La DT más frecuente fue el hipotiroidismo subclínico (5,5% en FM y 6,7% en controles), y en el 93% de casos nuevos la concentración de TSH fue < 10 mUI/l. La FM persistió en todas las pacientes hipotiroideas al lograrse el eutiroidismo. En 360 pacientes eutiroideas con sospecha de FM se realizaron 870 determinaciones de TSH.

Conclusiones

En mujeres con sospecha de FM, la prevalencia de DT no difiere de la descrita en la población general, no parece justificarse el escrutinio de DT en no portadoras de enfermedad de riesgo y la demanda analítica es en muchos casos excesiva; el tratamiento del hipotiroidismo no influye en la FM.

Palabras clave:
Fibromialgia
Función tiroidea
Tirotropina
Background and objective

Due to its prevalence, morbidity, and frequency rate, fibromyalgia (FM) represents a health problem and produces high healthcare resource utilization. Serum thyrotropin (TSH) measurement is recommended as a first-line laboratory test to exclude hypothyroidism as a cause of FM syndrome. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction (TD), the frequency of TSH measurement, the effect of levothyroxine treatment, and whether screening for TD is justified in women with suspected FM.

Patients and methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in 400 consecutive female outpatients with suspected FM and in 384 controls from January 2001 to October 2004. TSH measurement was used as the first line test to detect TD.

Results

The prevalence of TD in patients with suspected FM (40/400; 10%; 95% CI: 7-13%) and controls was similar (46/384; 12%; 95% CI: 9-15%). No differences were found in the types and grades of TD.

The prevalence of TD was higher in patients with suspected FM and connective tissue diseases (12%) than in those without these diseases (5%). The most frequent TD was subclinical hypothyroidism (5.5% in suspected FM and 6.7% in controls), and in 93% of these cases TSH concentrations were <10 mIU/L. FM persisted in all women with hypothyroidism even after euthyroidism was achieved with levothyroxine. A total of 870 TSH determinations were performed in 360 euthyroid patients with suspected FM.

Conclusions

The prevalence of TD in women with suspected FM does not differ from that in the general population. Screening for TD does not appear to be justified in women without diseases that increase their risk. In many cases the request for thyroid function tests is excessive. Treatment for hypothyroidism does not affect FM.

Key words:
Fibromyalgia
Thyroid function
Thyrotropin
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