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Vol. 5. Issue 4.
Pages 163-167 (July - August 2009)
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Vol. 5. Issue 4.
Pages 163-167 (July - August 2009)
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Effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on regeneration of joint cartilage in patients with second and third degree osteoarthritis of the knee
Efecto del ultrasonido terapéutico pulsátil de baja intensidad sobre la regeneración del cartílago articular en pacientes con gonartrosis de segundo y tercer grado
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Adalberto Loyola Sáncheza,
Corresponding author
betolum54@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, María Antonieta Ramírez Wakamatzua, Judith Vázquez Zamudiob, Julio Casasolac, Claudia Hernández Cuevasc, Amador Ramírez Gonzálezd, Jorge Galicia Tapiae
a Servicio de Medicina de Rehabilitación, CMN 20 de Noviembre, ISSSTE, DF, Mexico
b Servicio de Resonancia Magnética, CMN 20 de Noviembre, ISSSTE, DF, Mexico
c Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital General de México, SSA, DF, Mexico
d Servicio de Radiología e Imagen, Departamento de Resonancia Magnética, CMN 20 de Noviembre ISSSTE, Mexico
e Departamento de Investigación, Subdirección General Médica del ISSSTE, DF, Mexico
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Abstract
Objective

To determine if the application of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) therapy has a positive effect over the cartilage repair, functional status, and reduction of pain in patients with grade 2 or 3 osteoarthrosis of the knee.

Design

This trial was an observational, before and after study without a control group, in which 10 patients (11 knees) were studied. We applied LIPUS therapy with an intensity of 0.3 W/cm2, duty cycle of 50%, giving a total of 36 J/cm2 per session during 36 sessions (3 months). The clinical measures were obtained before the first session and at the end of the 36th session, and were: cartilage thickness by the analysis of magnetic resonance images (MRI) measured by 2 rheumatologists and a radiology specialist, pain by a visual analog scale (1–10cm) and function/severity by the Lequesne index. We used the non parametric tests of Wilcoxon for comparing medians and the Spearmans rho for the correlation of the inter observer cartilage thickness measurements defining a P value of <.05 as significant.

Results

We observed an effect on pain (VAS mean before 7.09 [2.54]; mean after 4.18 [2.22]; P=.005) and on the function/severity index (Lequesne mean before 10.55 [5.42]; mean after 5 [4.45]; P=.008). There was poor consistency regarding the cartilage thickness measures by resonance imaging between the 3 observers (2 rheumatologists and 1 radiologist) so we were not able to define the presence or absence of effect on cartilage thickness augmentation.

Conclusions

LIPUS has a benefic effect over pain and functionality/severity in patients with Kellgren and Lawrence grade 2 and 3 osteoarthritis of the knee. Unfortunately in this study we did not count with a reliable measure method to conclude on its effect over cartilage thickness measured by MRI.

Keywords:
Low intensity pulsed ultrasound
Knee osteoarthritis
Cartilage repair
Resumen
Objetivo

Indagar si la aplicación del ultrasonido terapéutico pulsátil de baja intensidad (USTPBI) produce cambios favorables en la regeneración del cartílago articular, así como beneficios clínicos en pacientes que tienen gonartrosis grado 2 o 3 según la clasificación de Kellgren y Lawrence.

Diseño

Éste es un estudio observacional, tipo antes y después, sin grupo control, en el que se estudiaron 10 pacientes (11 rodillas) con gonartrosis grados 2 y 3 (según la clasificación de Kellgren y Lawrence), a los que se les aplicó ultrasonido terapéutico a una intensidad de 0,3 W/cm2 pulsátil al 50%, que otorgó un total de energía de 36 J/cm2 por sesión durante 36 sesiones. Las mediciones se realizaron previas al inicio del tratamiento y posteriores al término de éste (3 meses después), y consistieron en: grosor del cartílago articular mediante el análisis de imágenes tomadas por resonancia magnética (RM) por 2 reumatólogos y un experto radiólogo; dolor mediante escala visual analógica (de 1 a 10cm) y el índice de gravedad de Lequesne. Se utilizaron pruebas estadísticas no paramétricas de Wilcoxon y pruebas de correlación de Spearman, y se definió un valor de p<0,05 como estadísticamente significativo.

Resultados

Se observó una disminució±n en la intensidad de dolor (basal media de 7,09±2,54; final media de 4,18±2,22; p=0,005) y una mejoría en cuanto a la funcionalidad (basal media de 10,55±5,42; final media de 574,45; p=0,008) después del tratamiento con USTPBI. Con respecto al grosor medido en la RM, no se obtuvieron mediciones consistentes entre los observadores, por lo que se concluyó que el método de medición no fue reproducible, lo que hizo difícil definir si hubo un incremento o no en el grosor del cartílago articular.

Conclusiones

El USTPBI tiene un efecto benéfico sobre la disminución del dolor y la mejoría de la funcionalidad. Desafortunadamente, en este estudio no se cuenta con un método de medición reproducible para arrojar una conclusión válida en cuanto al efecto del USTPBI sobre el grosor del cartílago articular

Palabras clave:
Ultrasonido terapéutico pulsátil de baja
intensidad
Gonartrosis
Reparación de cartílago
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Copyright © 2009. Sociedad Española de Reumatología and Colegio Mexicano de Reumatología
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