Synovial fluid analysis
Análisis de líquido sinovial
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
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=> array:4 [ "nombre" => "Carlos" "apellidos" => "Núñez" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "nuac80df@yahoo.com.mx" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">¿</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Javier" "apellidos" => "Cabiedes" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "fn0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "entidad" => "Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Análisis de líquido sinovial" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2009-10-14" "fechaAceptado" => "2009-12-23" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec112581" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Crystal analysis" 1 => "Synovial fluid" 2 => "Crystal associated arthropathies" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec112580" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Análisis de cristales" 1 => "Líquido sinovial" 2 => "Artropatías por cristales" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">At present, the study of the synovial fluid (SF) is a tool that is used frequently in specialized laboratories because it allows the establishment of diagnosis of crystal associated arthropathies, supports the diagnosis of septic arthritis and helps establish other rheumatologic diagnoses such as monoarthritis or joint effusion. The complete study of the SF includes the following analyses: 1. Macroscopic; 2. Microscopic; and 3. Specific stains. Each one provides information of the joint's state and helps in the establishment of diagnosis and treatment. The characteristics that must be described in the macroscopic analysis are: color, volume and viscosity. Microscopic analysis of the SF confirms the presence of inflammatory or infectious processes and allows for the detection and identification of crystals. Polarized light microscope is a fundamental tool for the analysis of SF and for the identification of the crystals present in the samples, which not only depend on the form, but also of their birefringence. It is important to mention that in the microscopic analysis, artifacts can confuse the inexperienced observer. A suitable interpretation of the analysis of SF requires the observation by at least two experienced observers. The information that the analysis of SF provides to the clinicians gives them the necessary elements to establish the diagnosis and to decide on treatment. Specific stains in the analysis of SF help in the identification of non-birefringent crystals as those of calcium hydroxypatite. In SF analysis, new fields are being explored that include quantification of cytokines, chemokines, immunoglobulins and the characterization of cell lineages.</p>" ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En la actualidad el estudio del líquido sinovial (LS) es una herramienta que se utiliza con frecuencia en los laboratorios especializados y que permite establecer el diagnóstico de artropatías por cristales, apoya el diagnóstico de las artritis sépticas y ayuda a establecer otros diagnósticos reumatológicos como la monoartritis o los derrames articulares. El estudio completo del LS incluye los siguientes análisis: 1) macroscópico, 2) microscópico y 3) uso de tinciones específicas. Cada uno de los estudios proporciona información del estado de la articulación y ayuda a establecer el diagnóstico y tratamiento. Las características que se deben describir en el análisis macroscópico son: color, volumen y viscosidad. El estudio microscópico confirma la existencia de un proceso inflamatorio, infeccioso y la presencia de cristales. El microscopio de luz polarizada es una herramienta fundamental para el estudio del LS y la diferenciación de los cristales, la cual no sólo depende de la forma, sino también de la birrefringencia. Es importante mencionar que en el análisis microscópico los artefactos pueden confundir al observador inexperto. Una adecuada interpretación del análisis del LS requiere de la observación de por lo menos 2 observadores capacitados. La información que proporciona el análisis del LS al clínico da los elementos necesarios para establecer el diagnóstico del paciente así como el tratamiento del mismo. Las tinciones en el análisis del LS ayudan a la identificación de cristales no birrefringentes, como son los de hidroxiapatita de calcio. Actualmente, en el estudio del LS se están explorando nuevos campos que incluyen cuantificación de citocinas, quimiocinas e inmunoglobulinas y la caracterización de las estirpes celulares.</p>" ] ] "NotaPie" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">In memoriam of our teacher and friend.</p>" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">Note: section accredited by SEAFORMEC with 1.7 credits. 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 6 | 20 | 26 |
| 2024 October | 41 | 77 | 118 |
| 2024 September | 52 | 47 | 99 |
| 2024 August | 75 | 53 | 128 |
| 2024 July | 48 | 57 | 105 |
| 2024 June | 60 | 62 | 122 |
| 2024 May | 77 | 66 | 143 |
| 2024 April | 47 | 60 | 107 |
| 2024 March | 35 | 64 | 99 |
| 2024 February | 37 | 45 | 82 |
| 2024 January | 27 | 49 | 76 |
| 2023 December | 28 | 58 | 86 |
| 2023 November | 65 | 75 | 140 |
| 2023 October | 48 | 73 | 121 |
| 2023 September | 61 | 84 | 145 |
| 2023 August | 26 | 59 | 85 |
| 2023 July | 19 | 60 | 79 |
| 2023 June | 29 | 73 | 102 |
| 2023 May | 38 | 77 | 115 |
| 2023 April | 43 | 86 | 129 |
| 2023 March | 44 | 152 | 196 |
| 2023 February | 32 | 143 | 175 |
| 2023 January | 36 | 122 | 158 |
| 2022 December | 50 | 198 | 248 |
| 2022 November | 64 | 176 | 240 |
| 2022 October | 78 | 139 | 217 |
| 2022 September | 48 | 108 | 156 |
| 2022 August | 39 | 115 | 154 |
| 2022 July | 40 | 85 | 125 |
| 2022 June | 53 | 93 | 146 |
| 2022 May | 61 | 122 | 183 |
| 2022 April | 56 | 104 | 160 |
| 2022 March | 62 | 142 | 204 |
| 2022 February | 66 | 84 | 150 |
| 2022 January | 75 | 95 | 170 |
| 2021 December | 51 | 85 | 136 |
| 2021 November | 51 | 83 | 134 |
| 2021 October | 57 | 68 | 125 |
| 2021 September | 68 | 67 | 135 |
| 2021 August | 54 | 55 | 109 |
| 2021 July | 49 | 57 | 106 |
| 2021 June | 66 | 68 | 134 |
| 2021 May | 50 | 49 | 99 |
| 2021 April | 104 | 120 | 224 |
| 2021 March | 89 | 46 | 135 |
| 2021 February | 83 | 42 | 125 |
| 2021 January | 51 | 33 | 84 |
| 2020 December | 48 | 44 | 92 |
| 2020 November | 37 | 23 | 60 |
| 2020 October | 39 | 30 | 69 |
| 2020 September | 37 | 39 | 76 |
| 2020 August | 30 | 35 | 65 |
| 2020 July | 19 | 18 | 37 |
| 2020 June | 25 | 24 | 49 |
| 2020 May | 20 | 27 | 47 |
| 2020 April | 16 | 21 | 37 |
| 2020 March | 7 | 11 | 18 |
| 2020 February | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2020 January | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2019 September | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2019 June | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2019 March | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2019 January | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2018 May | 5 | 9 | 14 |
| 2018 April | 22 | 77 | 99 |
| 2018 March | 29 | 85 | 114 |
| 2018 February | 6 | 41 | 47 |
| 2018 January | 10 | 23 | 33 |
| 2017 December | 11 | 58 | 69 |
| 2017 November | 15 | 47 | 62 |
| 2017 October | 16 | 51 | 67 |
| 2017 September | 11 | 48 | 59 |
| 2017 August | 16 | 33 | 49 |
| 2017 July | 16 | 76 | 92 |
| 2017 June | 24 | 59 | 83 |
| 2017 May | 25 | 74 | 99 |
| 2017 April | 23 | 49 | 72 |
| 2017 March | 18 | 60 | 78 |
| 2017 February | 9 | 65 | 74 |
| 2017 January | 20 | 44 | 64 |
| 2016 December | 38 | 61 | 99 |
| 2016 November | 15 | 67 | 82 |
| 2016 October | 22 | 84 | 106 |
| 2016 September | 38 | 80 | 118 |
| 2016 August | 74 | 71 | 145 |
| 2016 July | 40 | 64 | 104 |
| 2016 June | 5 | 45 | 50 |
| 2016 April | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2016 March | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2016 February | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 2016 January | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2015 December | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 November | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 October | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 August | 3 | 16 | 19 |
| 2015 July | 26 | 4 | 30 |
| 2015 June | 38 | 128 | 166 |
| 2015 May | 61 | 116 | 177 |
| 2015 April | 44 | 134 | 178 |
| 2015 March | 39 | 146 | 185 |
| 2015 February | 24 | 151 | 175 |
| 2015 January | 38 | 146 | 184 |
| 2014 December | 44 | 129 | 173 |
| 2014 November | 39 | 131 | 170 |
| 2014 October | 41 | 150 | 191 |
| 2014 September | 35 | 146 | 181 |
| 2014 August | 41 | 114 | 155 |
| 2014 July | 35 | 133 | 168 |
| 2014 June | 62 | 159 | 221 |
| 2014 May | 75 | 134 | 209 |
| 2014 April | 57 | 110 | 167 |
| 2014 March | 47 | 126 | 173 |
| 2014 February | 36 | 107 | 143 |
| 2014 January | 33 | 78 | 111 |
| 2013 December | 43 | 84 | 127 |
| 2013 November | 27 | 59 | 86 |
| 2013 October | 37 | 90 | 127 |
| 2013 September | 48 | 89 | 137 |
| 2013 August | 58 | 42 | 100 |
| 2013 July | 36 | 52 | 88 |
| 2013 June | 38 | 48 | 86 |
| 2013 May | 40 | 40 | 80 |
| 2013 April | 36 | 39 | 75 |
| 2013 March | 26 | 44 | 70 |
| 2013 February | 28 | 31 | 59 |
| 2013 January | 18 | 32 | 50 |
| 2012 December | 25 | 28 | 53 |
| 2012 November | 13 | 23 | 36 |
| 2012 October | 24 | 30 | 54 |
| 2012 September | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| 2012 May | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2012 April | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2012 March | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2012 January | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 2011 December | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2011 November | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 2011 October | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2011 September | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2011 July | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2011 June | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2011 March | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 2011 February | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| 2011 January | 14 | 0 | 14 |
| 2010 December | 15 | 0 | 15 |
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