array:23 [
  "pii" => "S2173574313000750"
  "issn" => "21735743"
  "doi" => "10.1016/j.reumae.2013.03.008"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2013-09-01"
  "aid" => "550"
  "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.. All rights reserved"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2013"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 0
  "subdocumento" => "sco"
  "cita" => "Reumatol Clin. 2013;9:257-8"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => false
    "ES2" => false
    "LATM" => false
  ]
  "gratuito" => false
  "lecturas" => array:2 [
    "total" => 851
    "formatos" => array:3 [
      "EPUB" => 60
      "HTML" => 619
      "PDF" => 172
    ]
  ]
  "Traduccion" => array:1 [
    "es" => array:19 [
      "pii" => "S1699258X13000612"
      "issn" => "1699258X"
      "doi" => "10.1016/j.reuma.2013.03.002"
      "estado" => "S300"
      "fechaPublicacion" => "2013-09-01"
      "aid" => "550"
      "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L."
      "documento" => "article"
      "crossmark" => 0
      "subdocumento" => "sco"
      "cita" => "Reumatol Clin. 2013;9:257-8"
      "abierto" => array:3 [
        "ES" => true
        "ES2" => true
        "LATM" => true
      ]
      "gratuito" => true
      "lecturas" => array:2 [
        "total" => 5187
        "formatos" => array:3 [
          "EPUB" => 123
          "HTML" => 3636
          "PDF" => 1428
        ]
      ]
      "es" => array:10 [
        "idiomaDefecto" => true
        "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorial</span>"
        "titulo" => "&#191;Osteoinmunolog&#237;a&#44; osteo-reumatolog&#237;a o reumatolog&#237;a sin m&#225;s&#63;"
        "tienePdf" => "es"
        "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es"
        "paginas" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "paginaInicial" => "257"
            "paginaFinal" => "258"
          ]
        ]
        "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
          "en" => array:1 [
            "titulo" => "Osteoimmunology&#44; osteorheumatology or rheumatology alone&#63;"
          ]
        ]
        "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
          "es" => true
        ]
        "contienePdf" => array:1 [
          "es" => true
        ]
        "autores" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "autoresLista" => "Silvia P&#233;rez Esteban, Gabriel Herrero-Beaumont"
            "autores" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "Silvia"
                "apellidos" => "P&#233;rez Esteban"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "Gabriel"
                "apellidos" => "Herrero-Beaumont"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
      "Traduccion" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:9 [
          "pii" => "S2173574313000750"
          "doi" => "10.1016/j.reumae.2013.03.008"
          "estado" => "S300"
          "subdocumento" => ""
          "abierto" => array:3 [
            "ES" => false
            "ES2" => false
            "LATM" => false
          ]
          "gratuito" => false
          "lecturas" => array:1 [
            "total" => 0
          ]
          "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
          "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173574313000750?idApp=UINPBA00004M"
        ]
      ]
      "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1699258X13000612?idApp=UINPBA00004M"
      "url" => "/1699258X/0000000900000005/v1_201308061043/S1699258X13000612/v1_201308061043/es/main.assets"
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S2173574313000889"
    "issn" => "21735743"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.reumae.2012.10.007"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2013-09-01"
    "aid" => "517"
    "copyright" => "Elsevier Espa&#241;a&#44; S&#46;L&#46;"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Reumatol Clin. 2013;9:259-62"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 1035
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 58
        "HTML" => 773
        "PDF" => 204
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:13 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>"
      "titulo" => "Retinal Toxicity Due to Antimalarials&#58; Frequency and Risk Factors"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "en"
        1 => "es"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "259"
          "paginaFinal" => "262"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "es" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Toxicidad retiniana por antipal&#250;dicos&#58; frecuencia y factores de riesgo"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "en" => true
        "es" => true
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:7 [
          "identificador" => "fig0005"
          "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 1570
              "Ancho" => 3000
              "Tamanyo" => 429510
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#40;A&#41; OCT&#58; loss of foveal depression and separation of the outer layers of the retina&#46; &#40;B&#41; Fundus with very slight changes in electroretinography&#46; &#40;C&#41; The visual field showed a dense central scotoma&#46; &#40;D&#41; Fluorescein angiography was unchanged&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Deseada Palma S&#225;nchez, Elena Rubio Velazquez, Sandra Soro Mar&#237;n, Rebeca Reyes Garc&#237;a"
          "autores" => array:4 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Deseada"
              "apellidos" => "Palma S&#225;nchez"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Elena"
              "apellidos" => "Rubio Velazquez"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Sandra"
              "apellidos" => "Soro Mar&#237;n"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Rebeca"
              "apellidos" => "Reyes Garc&#237;a"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "Traduccion" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:9 [
        "pii" => "S1699258X1300003X"
        "doi" => "10.1016/j.reuma.2012.10.011"
        "estado" => "S300"
        "subdocumento" => ""
        "abierto" => array:3 [
          "ES" => true
          "ES2" => true
          "LATM" => true
        ]
        "gratuito" => true
        "lecturas" => array:1 [
          "total" => 0
        ]
        "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
        "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1699258X1300003X?idApp=UINPBA00004M"
      ]
    ]
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173574313000889?idApp=UINPBA00004M"
    "url" => "/21735743/0000000900000005/v2_201403300049/S2173574313000889/v2_201403300049/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:14 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorial</span>"
    "titulo" => "Osteoimmunology&#44; Osteorheumatology or Rheumatology Alone&#63;"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "257"
        "paginaFinal" => "258"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "Silvia P&#233;rez Esteban, Gabriel Herrero-Beaumont"
        "autores" => array:2 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Silvia"
            "apellidos" => "P&#233;rez Esteban"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Gabriel"
            "apellidos" => "Herrero-Beaumont"
            "email" => array:2 [
              0 => "gherrero&#64;fjd&#46;es"
              1 => "gherrerobeaumont&#64;infonegocio&#46;coms"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">¿</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:2 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servicio de Reumatolog&#237;a&#44; Universidad Aut&#243;noma de Madrid&#44; Fundaci&#243;n Jim&#233;nez D&#237;az&#44; Madrid&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "a"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servicio de Reumatolog&#237;a&#44; Laboratorio de Patolog&#237;a Osteoarticular&#44; Universidad Aut&#243;noma de Madrid&#44; Fundaci&#243;n Jim&#233;nez D&#237;az&#44; Madrid&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "b"
            "identificador" => "aff0010"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0005"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "&#191;Osteoinmunolog&#237;a&#44; osteo-reumatolog&#237;a o reumatolog&#237;a sin m&#225;s&#63;"
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Osteoimmunology</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In 2000&#44; Joseph Lorenzo&#44; Yongwon Choi&#44; Mark Horowitz and Hiroshi Takayanagi proposed a new multidisciplinary field of scientific knowledge&#44; which they called osteoimmunology&#44; the content of which would revolve around the idea that the immune and skeletal systems interact&#44; and thus are involved in the pathophysiology of bone diseases&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> The first of a long list of experiments that supported this relationship showed that peripheral blood monocyte culture supernatant of healthy individuals contained a phytohemagglutinin-stimulated mediator called osteoclast activating factor&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> later identified as interleukin-1 &#40;IL-1&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Later&#44; it was observed that both tumor necrosis factor &#40;TNF&#41; and IL-6&#41; also induce bone resorption&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span></a> Finally&#44; the process of differentiation of osteoclasts&#44; cells responsible for bone resorption from hematopoietic precursors stimulated with colony stimulating factor and macrophage RANKL&#44; was described&#44; as well as the acceleration of osteoclastogenesis by proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1&#44; TNF and IL-6 in the presence of RANK-L&#46; Subsequently&#44; new developments&#44; beautifully described by Santos and Luis Casta&#241;eda Arboleya in this issue of <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">Reumatolog&#237;a Cl&#237;nica&#44;</span> have been incorporated into the scientific expertise in this line of research&#44; with many exciting discoveries ranging from intracellular signaling through intercellular communication&#44; to understanding the mechanisms of specific injuries such as bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis or bone metastases cancer&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> In fact&#44; many of the processes involved in the relationship between the immune system and bone constitute therapeutic targets for the development of new pharmacological interventions&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">From a more global and not strictly scientific perspective&#44; osteoimmunology fits well to a double need&#44; on one hand stimulating the development of a field of scientific knowledge and&#44; on the other&#44; providing knowledge&#46; In fact&#44; these same scientists launched in 2006 the International Conference on Osteoimmunology&#46; The idea spread quickly&#44; although with different acceptance rates&#44; as for some scholars it fits perfectly within the current limits of our specialty&#46; While it is true that the book published by these four authors&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Osteoimmunology&#58; Interactions of the Immune and Skeletal Systems&#46; A Promising Bridge Between the immune and skeletal systems</span>&#44; is packed with scientific content&#44; so it happens that around such initiatives&#44; lobbyists are generated&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Joints and Bone Are Injured in Autoimmune Diseases</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Below&#44; we will discuss the reasons that may favor the expansion and consolidation of this proposal&#46; Some are difficult to compress at present&#44; especially for younger readers&#46; We will start from a concrete example&#58; rheumatoid arthritis&#44; which provides an excellent opportunity to understand what the concept of osteoimmunology is and why it has developed&#46; During the first half of the twentieth century&#44; the disease was characterized by progressive and irreversible deterioration of the joints&#44; while treatment depended largely on rehabilitative and physical therapies&#44; there was no really effective drug alternatives&#46; That is&#44; a chronic disease of the musculoskeletal system condemning patients to the spa and disability&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In 1951&#44; Jim&#233;nez D&#237;az et al&#46; published a series of articles that showed the results of treatment with nitrogen mustard in patients with rheumatoid arthritis&#44; as well as a research strategy which was very modern for its time&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#8211;10</span></a> This contribution was a radical change of the vision we had of the disease&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Using for the first time immunosuppressive therapy framed this disease in the field of &#8220;immuno-allergic&#8221; diseases and&#44; from this perspective&#44; it became a treatable disease&#46; Parenthetically&#44; we would like to emphasize a curious fact that should make us think&#44; it being that Spanish rheumatologists have never really been aware of the enormous importance of this contribution to the knowledge of the disease&#46; So much so&#44; that it was a line of research that died without taking off in Spain&#44; but as we all know&#44; triumphed in rheumatology&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Another consequence of this conceptual shift is that one came to think of rheumatoid arthritis as a disease of the synovium and joint&#44; forming the rest of the pathogenesis&#44; especially concerning what happened to the bone&#44; an uninteresting complication from the academic point of view and unnecessary from a therapeutic one&#46; In every way&#44; a failure of the rheumatologist&#46; So&#44; we drifted away from the bone and cartilage&#44; and to the autoimmune diseases without considering the bone&#46; The injury in these tissues was like a sentence with no academic interest&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Despite this&#44; diarthrodial joints are composed of a synovial membrane&#44; cartilage and subchondral bone&#44; anatomical structures involved in the pathogenesis of all chronic joint diseases&#46; Furthermore&#44; the autoimmune inflammatory diseases not only affect the subchondral bone&#44; but the entire skeleton of the patient&#46; Currently&#44; it is widely accepted that the immune system is involved in the functioning of bone metabolism&#46; Bone homeostasis is largely dependent on remodeling sites and is regulated by immune mechanisms&#44; particularly in situations of pathological activation&#46; Otherwise it makes no biological sense&#58; how is that a system that assists in the functioning of all body tissues was not going to do so in the bone&#63; But in this approach lies a fundamental concept&#58; both the bone and cartilage are living tissues&#44; biologically active&#44; although with operating characteristics derived from their unique structural features&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">The 2 Components of a Term&#58; Bone on One Side&#46; Immunology Rheumatology and Inflammation on the Other&#63;</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Probably before you can answer that question rigorously we should try to answer the following ones&#46;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">-</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">What is the immune response and how does it fit in chronic inflammation&#63; How is innate immunity integrated into this system&#63;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">-</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">How should we define the inflammatory response at the cellular level&#44; for example&#44; in chondrocytes or osteoblasts&#63;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">-</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Do tissue damage effector cells of uncalcified cartilage&#44; such as synovial B cells&#44; have a profile similar to the activation and response of osteoclasts&#63;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0020"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">-</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Can we say that the bone can become swollen because there is an increase in remodeling&#63;</p></li></ul></p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The joint has a subtle biological interface separating two kinds of tissues with completely different structural features&#58; the bone and the cartilage&#44; on one hand&#44; and the synovial membrane&#44; on the other&#46; When we speak from the synovial standpoint we speak of autoimmune arthritis&#44; and when we do it from the bones&#8217; point of view&#44; we talk about osteoimmunology&#46; Obviously&#44; in reality&#44; these are interpretations of the same pathological phenomenon that lead to a single outcome&#46; Without this view&#44; the absence of studies on the effect of mechanical loading on the modulation of immune-related bone is understandable&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To better encompass this field of knowledge with a name more consistent with reality&#44; perhaps we could have resorted to the term osteo-rheumatology&#44; reflecting the biological involvement of bone&#44; cartilage and other periarticular tissues in the pathophysiology of all chronic arthropathies&#44; including of course&#44; those of degenerative origin&#46; Obviously&#44; this field would be immersed in our specialty&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion&#44; osteoimmunology or osteo-rheumatology are proposals that facilitate the integration of knowledge that&#44; probably for historical reasons&#44; were unnecessarily apart&#46; Not only does it explain the relationship between immunity and bone&#44; but&#44; more importantly&#44; enables a holistic understanding of the disease&#46; In this way&#44; it allow us to better explain the pathogenesis of pur patients and allows us to apply more effective treatments&#46; Despite this&#44; in no case does osteoimmunology represent a separate field of knowledge&#46; On the contrary&#44; it closes a cycle&#44; which ultimately ends with the statement that rheumatic diseases are essentially biological-mechanical diseases&#46;</p></span></span>"
    "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [
      "secciones" => array:5 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0005"
          "titulo" => "Osteoimmunology"
        ]
        1 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0010"
          "titulo" => "Joints and Bone Are Injured in Autoimmune Diseases"
        ]
        2 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0015"
          "titulo" => "The 2 Components of a Term&#58; Bone on One Side&#46; Immunology Rheumatology and Inflammation on the Other&#63;"
        ]
        3 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xack77445"
          "titulo" => "Acknowledgments"
        ]
        4 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "References"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as&#58; P&#233;rez Esteban S&#44; Herrero-Beaumont G&#46; &#191;Osteoinmunolog&#237;a&#44; osteo-reumatolog&#237;a o reumatolog&#237;a sin m&#225;s&#63; Reumatol Clin&#46; 2013&#59;9&#58;257&#8211;258&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:10 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0005"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Osteoimmunoly"
                        "serieFecha" => "2011"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0010"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Bone resorbing activity in supernatant fluid from cultured human peripheral blood leukocytes"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "J&#46;E&#46; Horton"
                            1 => "L&#46;G&#46; Raisz"
                            2 => "H&#46;A&#46; Simmons"
                            3 => "J&#46;J&#46; Oppenheim"
                            4 => "S&#46;E&#46; Mergenhagen"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Science"
                        "fecha" => "1972"
                        "volumen" => "177"
                        "paginaInicial" => "793"
                        "paginaFinal" => "795"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5052733"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0015"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Purification and partial sequence of human osteoclast-activating factor&#58; identity with interleukin 1 beta"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "F&#46;E&#46; Dewhirst"
                            1 => "P&#46;P&#46; Stashenko"
                            2 => "J&#46;E&#46; Mole"
                            3 => "T&#46; Tsurumachi"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "1985"
                        "volumen" => "135"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2562"
                        "paginaFinal" => "2568"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3875658"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0020"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Stimulation of bone resorption and inhibition of bone formation in vitro by human tumour necrosis factors"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "D&#46;R&#46; Bertolini"
                            1 => "G&#46;E&#46; Nedwin"
                            2 => "T&#46;S&#46; Bringman"
                            3 => "D&#46;D&#46; Smith"
                            4 => "G&#46;R&#46; Mundy"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1038/319516a0"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Nature"
                        "fecha" => "1986"
                        "volumen" => "319"
                        "paginaInicial" => "516"
                        "paginaFinal" => "518"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3511389"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0025"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "IL-6 is produced by osteoblasts and induces bone resorption"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Ishimi"
                            1 => "C&#46; Miyaura"
                            2 => "C&#46;H&#46; Jin"
                            3 => "T&#46; Akatsu"
                            4 => "E&#46; Abe"
                            5 => "Y&#46; Nakamura"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "1990"
                        "volumen" => "145"
                        "paginaInicial" => "3297"
                        "paginaFinal" => "3303"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2121824"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0030"
              "etiqueta" => "6"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Osteoinmunolog&#237;a&#58; el estudio de la relaci&#243;n entre el sistema inmuney el tejido &#243;seo&#46;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "L&#46; Arboleya"
                            1 => "S&#46; Casta&#241;eda"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Reumatol Clin"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "paginaInicial" => "303"
                        "paginaFinal" => "314"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0035"
              "etiqueta" => "7"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Treatment of dysreaction diseases with nitrogen mustards"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Jimenez D&#237;az"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Rheum Dis"
                        "fecha" => "1951"
                        "volumen" => "2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "144"
                        "paginaFinal" => "152"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0040"
              "etiqueta" => "8"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with nitrogen mustard&#59; preliminary report"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Jimenez D&#237;az"
                            1 => "E&#46; L&#243;pez"
                            2 => "A&#46; Merchante"
                            3 => "J&#46; Perianes"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Am Med Assoc"
                        "fecha" => "1951"
                        "volumen" => "147"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1418"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1419"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14873702"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0045"
              "etiqueta" => "9"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Investigations on specific antibodies in the plasma in cardio-articular rheumatism or rheumatoid arthritis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J&#46;M&#46; Ales"
                            1 => "E&#46; Arjona"
                            2 => "C&#46; Jimenez D&#237;az"
                            3 => "E&#46; L&#243;pez Garc&#237;a"
                            4 => "J&#46; Mart&#237;nez"
                            5 => "J&#46;M&#46; Segovia"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Clin Esp"
                        "fecha" => "1951"
                        "volumen" => "40"
                        "paginaInicial" => "83"
                        "paginaFinal" => "86"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14844911"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0050"
              "etiqueta" => "10"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Effect of nitrogen mustard on antibody formation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Jimenez D&#237;az"
                            1 => "E&#46; Arjona"
                            2 => "J&#46;M&#46; Ales"
                            3 => "J&#46;M&#46; Segovia"
                            4 => "J&#46; Perianes"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Clin Esp"
                        "fecha" => "1951"
                        "volumen" => "43"
                        "paginaInicial" => "203"
                        "paginaFinal" => "204"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14920900"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "agradecimientos" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "identificador" => "xack77445"
        "titulo" => "Acknowledgments"
        "texto" => "<p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We thank Rachel Long and Jorge Roman-Blas for their cooperation&#46; We thank Dr&#46; Santos Casta&#241;eda for his suggestions&#46;</p>"
        "vista" => "all"
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/21735743/0000000900000005/v2_201403300049/S2173574313000750/v2_201403300049/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "17335"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "es" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Editorial"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21735743/0000000900000005/v2_201403300049/S2173574313000750/v2_201403300049/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004M&text.app=https://reumatologiaclinica.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173574313000750?idApp=UINPBA00004M"
]
Share
Journal Information

Statistics

Follow this link to access the full text of the article

Editorial
Osteoimmunology, Osteorheumatology or Rheumatology Alone?
¿Osteoinmunología, osteo-reumatología o reumatología sin más?
Silvia Pérez Estebana, Gabriel Herrero-Beaumontb,
Corresponding author
a Servicio de Reumatología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
b Servicio de Reumatología, Laboratorio de Patología Osteoarticular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
Read
3898
Times
was read the article
1715
Total PDF
2183
Total HTML
Share statistics
 array:23 [
  "pii" => "S2173574313000750"
  "issn" => "21735743"
  "doi" => "10.1016/j.reumae.2013.03.008"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2013-09-01"
  "aid" => "550"
  "copyright" => "Elsevier Espa&#241;a&#44; S&#46;L&#46;. All rights reserved"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2013"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 0
  "subdocumento" => "sco"
  "cita" => "Reumatol Clin. 2013;9:257-8"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => false
    "ES2" => false
    "LATM" => false
  ]
  "gratuito" => false
  "lecturas" => array:2 [
    "total" => 851
    "formatos" => array:3 [
      "EPUB" => 60
      "HTML" => 619
      "PDF" => 172
    ]
  ]
  "Traduccion" => array:1 [
    "es" => array:19 [
      "pii" => "S1699258X13000612"
      "issn" => "1699258X"
      "doi" => "10.1016/j.reuma.2013.03.002"
      "estado" => "S300"
      "fechaPublicacion" => "2013-09-01"
      "aid" => "550"
      "copyright" => "Elsevier Espa&#241;a&#44; S&#46;L&#46;"
      "documento" => "article"
      "crossmark" => 0
      "subdocumento" => "sco"
      "cita" => "Reumatol Clin. 2013;9:257-8"
      "abierto" => array:3 [
        "ES" => true
        "ES2" => true
        "LATM" => true
      ]
      "gratuito" => true
      "lecturas" => array:2 [
        "total" => 5187
        "formatos" => array:3 [
          "EPUB" => 123
          "HTML" => 3636
          "PDF" => 1428
        ]
      ]
      "es" => array:10 [
        "idiomaDefecto" => true
        "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorial</span>"
        "titulo" => "&#191;Osteoinmunolog&#237;a&#44; osteo-reumatolog&#237;a o reumatolog&#237;a sin m&#225;s&#63;"
        "tienePdf" => "es"
        "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es"
        "paginas" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "paginaInicial" => "257"
            "paginaFinal" => "258"
          ]
        ]
        "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
          "en" => array:1 [
            "titulo" => "Osteoimmunology&#44; osteorheumatology or rheumatology alone&#63;"
          ]
        ]
        "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
          "es" => true
        ]
        "contienePdf" => array:1 [
          "es" => true
        ]
        "autores" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "autoresLista" => "Silvia P&#233;rez Esteban, Gabriel Herrero-Beaumont"
            "autores" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "Silvia"
                "apellidos" => "P&#233;rez Esteban"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "Gabriel"
                "apellidos" => "Herrero-Beaumont"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
      "Traduccion" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:9 [
          "pii" => "S2173574313000750"
          "doi" => "10.1016/j.reumae.2013.03.008"
          "estado" => "S300"
          "subdocumento" => ""
          "abierto" => array:3 [
            "ES" => false
            "ES2" => false
            "LATM" => false
          ]
          "gratuito" => false
          "lecturas" => array:1 [
            "total" => 0
          ]
          "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
          "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173574313000750?idApp=UINPBA00004M"
        ]
      ]
      "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1699258X13000612?idApp=UINPBA00004M"
      "url" => "/1699258X/0000000900000005/v1_201308061043/S1699258X13000612/v1_201308061043/es/main.assets"
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S2173574313000889"
    "issn" => "21735743"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.reumae.2012.10.007"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2013-09-01"
    "aid" => "517"
    "copyright" => "Elsevier Espa&#241;a&#44; S&#46;L&#46;"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Reumatol Clin. 2013;9:259-62"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 1035
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 58
        "HTML" => 773
        "PDF" => 204
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:13 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>"
      "titulo" => "Retinal Toxicity Due to Antimalarials&#58; Frequency and Risk Factors"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "en"
        1 => "es"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "259"
          "paginaFinal" => "262"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "es" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Toxicidad retiniana por antipal&#250;dicos&#58; frecuencia y factores de riesgo"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "en" => true
        "es" => true
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:7 [
          "identificador" => "fig0005"
          "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 1570
              "Ancho" => 3000
              "Tamanyo" => 429510
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#40;A&#41; OCT&#58; loss of foveal depression and separation of the outer layers of the retina&#46; &#40;B&#41; Fundus with very slight changes in electroretinography&#46; &#40;C&#41; The visual field showed a dense central scotoma&#46; &#40;D&#41; Fluorescein angiography was unchanged&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Deseada Palma S&#225;nchez, Elena Rubio Velazquez, Sandra Soro Mar&#237;n, Rebeca Reyes Garc&#237;a"
          "autores" => array:4 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Deseada"
              "apellidos" => "Palma S&#225;nchez"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Elena"
              "apellidos" => "Rubio Velazquez"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Sandra"
              "apellidos" => "Soro Mar&#237;n"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Rebeca"
              "apellidos" => "Reyes Garc&#237;a"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "Traduccion" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:9 [
        "pii" => "S1699258X1300003X"
        "doi" => "10.1016/j.reuma.2012.10.011"
        "estado" => "S300"
        "subdocumento" => ""
        "abierto" => array:3 [
          "ES" => true
          "ES2" => true
          "LATM" => true
        ]
        "gratuito" => true
        "lecturas" => array:1 [
          "total" => 0
        ]
        "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
        "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1699258X1300003X?idApp=UINPBA00004M"
      ]
    ]
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173574313000889?idApp=UINPBA00004M"
    "url" => "/21735743/0000000900000005/v2_201403300049/S2173574313000889/v2_201403300049/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:14 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorial</span>"
    "titulo" => "Osteoimmunology&#44; Osteorheumatology or Rheumatology Alone&#63;"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "257"
        "paginaFinal" => "258"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "Silvia P&#233;rez Esteban, Gabriel Herrero-Beaumont"
        "autores" => array:2 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Silvia"
            "apellidos" => "P&#233;rez Esteban"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Gabriel"
            "apellidos" => "Herrero-Beaumont"
            "email" => array:2 [
              0 => "gherrero&#64;fjd&#46;es"
              1 => "gherrerobeaumont&#64;infonegocio&#46;coms"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">¿</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:2 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servicio de Reumatolog&#237;a&#44; Universidad Aut&#243;noma de Madrid&#44; Fundaci&#243;n Jim&#233;nez D&#237;az&#44; Madrid&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "a"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servicio de Reumatolog&#237;a&#44; Laboratorio de Patolog&#237;a Osteoarticular&#44; Universidad Aut&#243;noma de Madrid&#44; Fundaci&#243;n Jim&#233;nez D&#237;az&#44; Madrid&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "b"
            "identificador" => "aff0010"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0005"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "&#191;Osteoinmunolog&#237;a&#44; osteo-reumatolog&#237;a o reumatolog&#237;a sin m&#225;s&#63;"
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Osteoimmunology</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In 2000&#44; Joseph Lorenzo&#44; Yongwon Choi&#44; Mark Horowitz and Hiroshi Takayanagi proposed a new multidisciplinary field of scientific knowledge&#44; which they called osteoimmunology&#44; the content of which would revolve around the idea that the immune and skeletal systems interact&#44; and thus are involved in the pathophysiology of bone diseases&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> The first of a long list of experiments that supported this relationship showed that peripheral blood monocyte culture supernatant of healthy individuals contained a phytohemagglutinin-stimulated mediator called osteoclast activating factor&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> later identified as interleukin-1 &#40;IL-1&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Later&#44; it was observed that both tumor necrosis factor &#40;TNF&#41; and IL-6&#41; also induce bone resorption&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span></a> Finally&#44; the process of differentiation of osteoclasts&#44; cells responsible for bone resorption from hematopoietic precursors stimulated with colony stimulating factor and macrophage RANKL&#44; was described&#44; as well as the acceleration of osteoclastogenesis by proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1&#44; TNF and IL-6 in the presence of RANK-L&#46; Subsequently&#44; new developments&#44; beautifully described by Santos and Luis Casta&#241;eda Arboleya in this issue of <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">Reumatolog&#237;a Cl&#237;nica&#44;</span> have been incorporated into the scientific expertise in this line of research&#44; with many exciting discoveries ranging from intracellular signaling through intercellular communication&#44; to understanding the mechanisms of specific injuries such as bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis or bone metastases cancer&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> In fact&#44; many of the processes involved in the relationship between the immune system and bone constitute therapeutic targets for the development of new pharmacological interventions&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">From a more global and not strictly scientific perspective&#44; osteoimmunology fits well to a double need&#44; on one hand stimulating the development of a field of scientific knowledge and&#44; on the other&#44; providing knowledge&#46; In fact&#44; these same scientists launched in 2006 the International Conference on Osteoimmunology&#46; The idea spread quickly&#44; although with different acceptance rates&#44; as for some scholars it fits perfectly within the current limits of our specialty&#46; While it is true that the book published by these four authors&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Osteoimmunology&#58; Interactions of the Immune and Skeletal Systems&#46; A Promising Bridge Between the immune and skeletal systems</span>&#44; is packed with scientific content&#44; so it happens that around such initiatives&#44; lobbyists are generated&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Joints and Bone Are Injured in Autoimmune Diseases</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Below&#44; we will discuss the reasons that may favor the expansion and consolidation of this proposal&#46; Some are difficult to compress at present&#44; especially for younger readers&#46; We will start from a concrete example&#58; rheumatoid arthritis&#44; which provides an excellent opportunity to understand what the concept of osteoimmunology is and why it has developed&#46; During the first half of the twentieth century&#44; the disease was characterized by progressive and irreversible deterioration of the joints&#44; while treatment depended largely on rehabilitative and physical therapies&#44; there was no really effective drug alternatives&#46; That is&#44; a chronic disease of the musculoskeletal system condemning patients to the spa and disability&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In 1951&#44; Jim&#233;nez D&#237;az et al&#46; published a series of articles that showed the results of treatment with nitrogen mustard in patients with rheumatoid arthritis&#44; as well as a research strategy which was very modern for its time&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#8211;10</span></a> This contribution was a radical change of the vision we had of the disease&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Using for the first time immunosuppressive therapy framed this disease in the field of &#8220;immuno-allergic&#8221; diseases and&#44; from this perspective&#44; it became a treatable disease&#46; Parenthetically&#44; we would like to emphasize a curious fact that should make us think&#44; it being that Spanish rheumatologists have never really been aware of the enormous importance of this contribution to the knowledge of the disease&#46; So much so&#44; that it was a line of research that died without taking off in Spain&#44; but as we all know&#44; triumphed in rheumatology&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Another consequence of this conceptual shift is that one came to think of rheumatoid arthritis as a disease of the synovium and joint&#44; forming the rest of the pathogenesis&#44; especially concerning what happened to the bone&#44; an uninteresting complication from the academic point of view and unnecessary from a therapeutic one&#46; In every way&#44; a failure of the rheumatologist&#46; So&#44; we drifted away from the bone and cartilage&#44; and to the autoimmune diseases without considering the bone&#46; The injury in these tissues was like a sentence with no academic interest&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Despite this&#44; diarthrodial joints are composed of a synovial membrane&#44; cartilage and subchondral bone&#44; anatomical structures involved in the pathogenesis of all chronic joint diseases&#46; Furthermore&#44; the autoimmune inflammatory diseases not only affect the subchondral bone&#44; but the entire skeleton of the patient&#46; Currently&#44; it is widely accepted that the immune system is involved in the functioning of bone metabolism&#46; Bone homeostasis is largely dependent on remodeling sites and is regulated by immune mechanisms&#44; particularly in situations of pathological activation&#46; Otherwise it makes no biological sense&#58; how is that a system that assists in the functioning of all body tissues was not going to do so in the bone&#63; But in this approach lies a fundamental concept&#58; both the bone and cartilage are living tissues&#44; biologically active&#44; although with operating characteristics derived from their unique structural features&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">The 2 Components of a Term&#58; Bone on One Side&#46; Immunology Rheumatology and Inflammation on the Other&#63;</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Probably before you can answer that question rigorously we should try to answer the following ones&#46;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">-</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">What is the immune response and how does it fit in chronic inflammation&#63; How is innate immunity integrated into this system&#63;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">-</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">How should we define the inflammatory response at the cellular level&#44; for example&#44; in chondrocytes or osteoblasts&#63;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">-</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Do tissue damage effector cells of uncalcified cartilage&#44; such as synovial B cells&#44; have a profile similar to the activation and response of osteoclasts&#63;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0020"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">-</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Can we say that the bone can become swollen because there is an increase in remodeling&#63;</p></li></ul></p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The joint has a subtle biological interface separating two kinds of tissues with completely different structural features&#58; the bone and the cartilage&#44; on one hand&#44; and the synovial membrane&#44; on the other&#46; When we speak from the synovial standpoint we speak of autoimmune arthritis&#44; and when we do it from the bones&#8217; point of view&#44; we talk about osteoimmunology&#46; Obviously&#44; in reality&#44; these are interpretations of the same pathological phenomenon that lead to a single outcome&#46; Without this view&#44; the absence of studies on the effect of mechanical loading on the modulation of immune-related bone is understandable&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To better encompass this field of knowledge with a name more consistent with reality&#44; perhaps we could have resorted to the term osteo-rheumatology&#44; reflecting the biological involvement of bone&#44; cartilage and other periarticular tissues in the pathophysiology of all chronic arthropathies&#44; including of course&#44; those of degenerative origin&#46; Obviously&#44; this field would be immersed in our specialty&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion&#44; osteoimmunology or osteo-rheumatology are proposals that facilitate the integration of knowledge that&#44; probably for historical reasons&#44; were unnecessarily apart&#46; Not only does it explain the relationship between immunity and bone&#44; but&#44; more importantly&#44; enables a holistic understanding of the disease&#46; In this way&#44; it allow us to better explain the pathogenesis of pur patients and allows us to apply more effective treatments&#46; Despite this&#44; in no case does osteoimmunology represent a separate field of knowledge&#46; On the contrary&#44; it closes a cycle&#44; which ultimately ends with the statement that rheumatic diseases are essentially biological-mechanical diseases&#46;</p></span></span>"
    "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [
      "secciones" => array:5 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0005"
          "titulo" => "Osteoimmunology"
        ]
        1 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0010"
          "titulo" => "Joints and Bone Are Injured in Autoimmune Diseases"
        ]
        2 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0015"
          "titulo" => "The 2 Components of a Term&#58; Bone on One Side&#46; Immunology Rheumatology and Inflammation on the Other&#63;"
        ]
        3 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xack77445"
          "titulo" => "Acknowledgments"
        ]
        4 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "References"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as&#58; P&#233;rez Esteban S&#44; Herrero-Beaumont G&#46; &#191;Osteoinmunolog&#237;a&#44; osteo-reumatolog&#237;a o reumatolog&#237;a sin m&#225;s&#63; Reumatol Clin&#46; 2013&#59;9&#58;257&#8211;258&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:10 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0005"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "Osteoimmunoly"
                        "serieFecha" => "2011"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0010"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Bone resorbing activity in supernatant fluid from cultured human peripheral blood leukocytes"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "J&#46;E&#46; Horton"
                            1 => "L&#46;G&#46; Raisz"
                            2 => "H&#46;A&#46; Simmons"
                            3 => "J&#46;J&#46; Oppenheim"
                            4 => "S&#46;E&#46; Mergenhagen"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Science"
                        "fecha" => "1972"
                        "volumen" => "177"
                        "paginaInicial" => "793"
                        "paginaFinal" => "795"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5052733"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0015"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Purification and partial sequence of human osteoclast-activating factor&#58; identity with interleukin 1 beta"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "F&#46;E&#46; Dewhirst"
                            1 => "P&#46;P&#46; Stashenko"
                            2 => "J&#46;E&#46; Mole"
                            3 => "T&#46; Tsurumachi"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "1985"
                        "volumen" => "135"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2562"
                        "paginaFinal" => "2568"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3875658"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0020"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Stimulation of bone resorption and inhibition of bone formation in vitro by human tumour necrosis factors"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "D&#46;R&#46; Bertolini"
                            1 => "G&#46;E&#46; Nedwin"
                            2 => "T&#46;S&#46; Bringman"
                            3 => "D&#46;D&#46; Smith"
                            4 => "G&#46;R&#46; Mundy"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1038/319516a0"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Nature"
                        "fecha" => "1986"
                        "volumen" => "319"
                        "paginaInicial" => "516"
                        "paginaFinal" => "518"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3511389"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0025"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "IL-6 is produced by osteoblasts and induces bone resorption"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Ishimi"
                            1 => "C&#46; Miyaura"
                            2 => "C&#46;H&#46; Jin"
                            3 => "T&#46; Akatsu"
                            4 => "E&#46; Abe"
                            5 => "Y&#46; Nakamura"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "1990"
                        "volumen" => "145"
                        "paginaInicial" => "3297"
                        "paginaFinal" => "3303"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2121824"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0030"
              "etiqueta" => "6"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Osteoinmunolog&#237;a&#58; el estudio de la relaci&#243;n entre el sistema inmuney el tejido &#243;seo&#46;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "L&#46; Arboleya"
                            1 => "S&#46; Casta&#241;eda"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Reumatol Clin"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "paginaInicial" => "303"
                        "paginaFinal" => "314"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0035"
              "etiqueta" => "7"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Treatment of dysreaction diseases with nitrogen mustards"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Jimenez D&#237;az"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Rheum Dis"
                        "fecha" => "1951"
                        "volumen" => "2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "144"
                        "paginaFinal" => "152"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0040"
              "etiqueta" => "8"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with nitrogen mustard&#59; preliminary report"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Jimenez D&#237;az"
                            1 => "E&#46; L&#243;pez"
                            2 => "A&#46; Merchante"
                            3 => "J&#46; Perianes"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Am Med Assoc"
                        "fecha" => "1951"
                        "volumen" => "147"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1418"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1419"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14873702"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0045"
              "etiqueta" => "9"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Investigations on specific antibodies in the plasma in cardio-articular rheumatism or rheumatoid arthritis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J&#46;M&#46; Ales"
                            1 => "E&#46; Arjona"
                            2 => "C&#46; Jimenez D&#237;az"
                            3 => "E&#46; L&#243;pez Garc&#237;a"
                            4 => "J&#46; Mart&#237;nez"
                            5 => "J&#46;M&#46; Segovia"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Clin Esp"
                        "fecha" => "1951"
                        "volumen" => "40"
                        "paginaInicial" => "83"
                        "paginaFinal" => "86"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14844911"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0050"
              "etiqueta" => "10"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Effect of nitrogen mustard on antibody formation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Jimenez D&#237;az"
                            1 => "E&#46; Arjona"
                            2 => "J&#46;M&#46; Ales"
                            3 => "J&#46;M&#46; Segovia"
                            4 => "J&#46; Perianes"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Clin Esp"
                        "fecha" => "1951"
                        "volumen" => "43"
                        "paginaInicial" => "203"
                        "paginaFinal" => "204"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14920900"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "agradecimientos" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "identificador" => "xack77445"
        "titulo" => "Acknowledgments"
        "texto" => "<p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We thank Rachel Long and Jorge Roman-Blas for their cooperation&#46; We thank Dr&#46; Santos Casta&#241;eda for his suggestions&#46;</p>"
        "vista" => "all"
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/21735743/0000000900000005/v2_201403300049/S2173574313000750/v2_201403300049/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "17335"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "es" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Editorial"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21735743/0000000900000005/v2_201403300049/S2173574313000750/v2_201403300049/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004M&text.app=https://reumatologiaclinica.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173574313000750?idApp=UINPBA00004M"
]
Article information
ISSN: 21735743
Original language: English
The statistics are updated each day
Year/Month Html Pdf Total
2024 November 9 14 23
2024 October 28 37 65
2024 September 36 17 53
2024 August 45 30 75
2024 July 39 27 66
2024 June 40 23 63
2024 May 34 28 62
2024 April 31 21 52
2024 March 33 27 60
2024 February 38 24 62
2024 January 29 24 53
2023 December 21 23 44
2023 November 30 25 55
2023 October 25 31 56
2023 September 47 31 78
2023 August 18 12 30
2023 July 20 29 49
2023 June 29 15 44
2023 May 29 22 51
2023 April 6 8 14
2023 March 32 29 61
2023 February 20 26 46
2023 January 28 35 63
2022 December 32 35 67
2022 November 33 23 56
2022 October 29 27 56
2022 September 19 34 53
2022 August 22 41 63
2022 July 23 39 62
2022 June 28 35 63
2022 May 19 55 74
2022 April 36 41 77
2022 March 27 48 75
2022 February 22 24 46
2022 January 26 39 65
2021 December 17 41 58
2021 November 31 41 72
2021 October 38 44 82
2021 September 27 39 66
2021 August 31 36 67
2021 July 26 25 51
2021 June 20 28 48
2021 May 31 31 62
2021 April 35 57 92
2021 March 63 18 81
2021 February 35 17 52
2021 January 21 15 36
2020 December 28 18 46
2020 November 19 10 29
2020 October 12 6 18
2020 September 29 19 48
2020 August 19 10 29
2020 July 13 16 29
2020 June 28 15 43
2020 May 25 14 39
2020 April 21 32 53
2020 March 12 12 24
2019 April 2 0 2
2019 January 1 0 1
2018 May 4 1 5
2018 April 40 7 47
2018 March 63 7 70
2018 February 17 6 23
2018 January 15 6 21
2017 December 20 5 25
2017 November 19 9 28
2017 October 17 4 21
2017 September 26 9 35
2017 August 19 8 27
2017 July 18 7 25
2017 June 33 25 58
2017 May 39 9 48
2017 April 17 6 23
2017 March 17 8 25
2017 February 13 8 21
2017 January 23 5 28
2016 December 47 13 60
2016 November 35 5 40
2016 October 40 7 47
2016 September 35 3 38
2016 August 35 9 44
2016 July 24 5 29
Show all

Follow this link to access the full text of the article

Idiomas
Reumatología Clínica (English Edition)
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?