Original Article
Quality of life in Ecuadorian patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study
Calidad de vida en pacientes ecuatorianos con artritis reumatoide: un estudio transversal
Yessenia Cruz-Castilloa, Nadia Monterob,
, Rosa Salazar-Poncec, Rómulo Villacís-Tamayoc
Corresponding author
a Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
b Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial, Quito, Ecuador
c Unidad de Reumatología, Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín, Quito, Ecuador
Read
4796
Timeswas read the article
1679
Total PDF
3117
Total HTML
Share statistics
array:24 [ "pii" => "S2173574319300930" "issn" => "21735743" "doi" => "10.1016/j.reumae.2017.08.009" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-09-01" "aid" => "1125" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Reumatología y Colegio Mexicano de Reumatología" "copyrightAnyo" => "2017" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Reumatol Clin. 2019;15:296-300" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1 "HTML" => 1 ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S1699258X1730236X" "issn" => "1699258X" "doi" => "10.1016/j.reuma.2017.08.012" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-09-01" "aid" => "1125" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Reumatología y Colegio Mexicano de Reumatología" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Reumatol Clin. 2019;15:296-300" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1323 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 82 "HTML" => 800 "PDF" => 441 ] ] "es" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original</span>" "titulo" => "Calidad de vida en pacientes ecuatorianos con artritis reumatoide: un estudio transversal" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "296" "paginaFinal" => "300" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Quality of Life in Ecuadorian Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-sectional Study" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figura 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 792 "Ancho" => 1624 "Tamanyo" => 72521 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Medias y desviación estándar de cada dominio de la escala QoL-RA.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Yessenia Cruz-Castillo, Nadia Montero, Rosa Salazar-Ponce, Rómulo Villacís-Tamayo" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Yessenia" "apellidos" => "Cruz-Castillo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Nadia" "apellidos" => "Montero" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Rosa" "apellidos" => "Salazar-Ponce" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Rómulo" "apellidos" => "Villacís-Tamayo" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2173574319300930" "doi" => "10.1016/j.reumae.2017.08.009" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173574319300930?idApp=UINPBA00004M" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1699258X1730236X?idApp=UINPBA00004M" "url" => "/1699258X/0000001500000005/v1_201910230648/S1699258X1730236X/v1_201910230648/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S2173574319301340" "issn" => "21735743" "doi" => "10.1016/j.reumae.2017.10.007" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-09-01" "aid" => "1149" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Reumatología y Colegio Mexicano de Reumatología" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Reumatol Clin. 2019;15:e1-e4" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Validation of fragility fractures in primary care electronic medical records: A population-based study" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "e1" "paginaFinal" => "e4" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Validación de las fracturas por fragilidad en la historia clínica informatizada de atención primaria: un estudio poblacional" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1203 "Ancho" => 1500 "Tamanyo" => 89630 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Population flow-chart.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Daniel Martinez-Laguna, Alberto Soria-Castro, Cristina Carbonell-Abella, Pilar Orozco-López, Pilar Estrada-Laza, Xavier Nogues, Adolfo Díez-Perez, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra" "autores" => array:8 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Daniel" "apellidos" => "Martinez-Laguna" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Alberto" "apellidos" => "Soria-Castro" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Cristina" "apellidos" => "Carbonell-Abella" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Pilar" "apellidos" => "Orozco-López" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Pilar" "apellidos" => "Estrada-Laza" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Xavier" "apellidos" => "Nogues" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Adolfo" "apellidos" => "Díez-Perez" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Daniel" "apellidos" => "Prieto-Alhambra" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173574319301340?idApp=UINPBA00004M" "url" => "/21735743/0000001500000005/v1_201910260908/S2173574319301340/v1_201910260908/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2173574319300966" "issn" => "21735743" "doi" => "10.1016/j.reumae.2017.08.010" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-09-01" "aid" => "1126" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Reumatología y Colegio Mexicano de Reumatología" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Reumatol Clin. 2019;15:289-95" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2 "HTML" => 2 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Association of the shared epitope, smoking and the interaction between the two with the presence of autoantibodies (anti-CCP and RF) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in a hospital in Seville, Spain" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "289" "paginaFinal" => "295" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Asociación del epítopo compartido, el tabaquismo y la interacción entre ambos con la presencia de autoanticuerpos (anti-PCC y FR) en pacientes con artritis reumatoide en un hospital de Sevilla, España" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1957 "Ancho" => 2910 "Tamanyo" => 273357 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Percentage of patients positive and negative for anti-CCP antibodies according to smoking habit and smoking dose of those diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and stratified according to shared epitope. The percentage refers to patients with anti-CCP positivity and negativity within each smoking category. Anti-CCP: anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies; SD: smoking dose. A: shared epitope-positive and smoking habit; B: shared epitope-negative and smoking habit; C: shared epitope-positive and smoking dose; D: shared epitope-negative and smoking dose.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "José Luis García de Veas Silva, Concepción González Rodríguez, Blanca Hernández Cruz" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "José Luis" "apellidos" => "García de Veas Silva" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Concepción" "apellidos" => "González Rodríguez" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Blanca" "apellidos" => "Hernández Cruz" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S1699258X17302371" "doi" => "10.1016/j.reuma.2017.08.013" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1699258X17302371?idApp=UINPBA00004M" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173574319300966?idApp=UINPBA00004M" "url" => "/21735743/0000001500000005/v1_201910260908/S2173574319300966/v1_201910260908/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:21 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Quality of life in Ecuadorian patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "296" "paginaFinal" => "300" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Yessenia Cruz-Castillo, Nadia Montero, Rosa Salazar-Ponce, Rómulo Villacís-Tamayo" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Yessenia" "apellidos" => "Cruz-Castillo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Nadia" "apellidos" => "Montero" "email" => array:2 [ 0 => "nadia.montero@ute.edu.ec" 1 => "nadiamonteromd@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Rosa" "apellidos" => "Salazar-Ponce" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Rómulo" "apellidos" => "Villacís-Tamayo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial, Quito, Ecuador" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Reumatología, Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín, Quito, Ecuador" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Calidad de vida en pacientes ecuatorianos con artritis reumatoide: un estudio transversal" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 783 "Ancho" => 1624 "Tamanyo" => 70929 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Means and standard deviation of each domain from the QoL-RA scale.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease which mainly occurs in the joints and incurs different degrees of deformity, including functional disability of varying levels, leading to a poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL) compared with the general population, and also to premature death.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Several studies have demonstrated that the impact of RA on physical and mental status is considerable and this confirms that HRQOL is a vital goal in the management of these patients.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a> In addition to this, many patients attach a higher value HRQOL than to disease-related variables, and the assessment of the medical status only in terms of disease activity may therefore not reflect the health triggers that are of interest to patients.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In this regard, guidelines created by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR),<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> the European League against Rheumatism la (EULAR)<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> and the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence of England<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> recommend that the HRQOL in patients with RA be periodically assessed.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Furthermore, given the importance of the HRQOL in the management of patients with RA, several factors associated with the disease which have a greater or lesser impact in HRQOL have been studied. These include age, gender, functionality, disease duration, disease activity, presence of comorbidities,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> and social and economic resources.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In Ecuador, however, there are no available studies to assess the impact of RA in HRQOL, nor have factors relating to it been explored. These data are considerably important for constructing health policies focused on limiting the effects of RA on HRQOL, which improves the care to these patients and is also associated with a lower use of healthcare resources.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The aim of this study was to evaluate HRQOL and the clinical, demographic and socio-economic factors associated with an Ecuadorian cohort of patients with RA.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Patients and methods</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted following authorization from a Bioethical Committee certified by the national healthcare authority with outpatients who had been diagnosed with RA who presented at the Rheumatology Service of the Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín, a benchmark Ecuadorian public healthcare hospital in the city of Quito. This was conducted consecutively between September and October 2016. To be eligible, the patients had to have a documented diagnosis of RA in keeping with the 2010 reviewed criteria of the ACR and the EULAR.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patient data regarding age, civil status, gender, duration of the disease and medication were collected via interviews. To assess disease activity the Simplified Disease activity Index (SDAI) was used. This is one of the tools recommended by the ACR for clinical use in healthcare centres.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> These data, together with rheumatoid factor positivity, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies positivity and history of comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypothyroidism and heart diseases were recorded in the patient's medical file.</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Quality of life, socio-economic stratum and functionality were recorded by the researchers through specific forms created for the research.</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Quality of life was measured with the Spanish version of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Quality of Life–Rheumatoid Arthritis</span> (QoL-RA) tool validated by Danao et al., for the Hispanic population of the U.S.A.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> This is a scale of 8 items which measures physical ability, joint pain, interactions by family and friends, mood, nervous tension, arthritis and health. Each item is classified on a scale of zero to 10. The scores increases as quality of life gets better.</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Socio-economic stratum was assessed with a tool developed by the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses of Ecuador.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> This tool divides the socio-economic stratum into 5 categories: upper; upper middle; middle; lower middle and low.</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Functionality was assessed with the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire</span> (MHAQ), which is a short version of the HAQ, with only 8 items that are classified on a scale of 0–3, validated into Spanish by Esteve-Vive et al.: the lower the score, the better the functional ability. The main advantage of this tool is its simplicity, which facilitates its systematic use in patient assessment and follow-up.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All data were reviewed and fine-tuned prior to analysis by the SSPS version 24.0 (SPSS Inc., U.S.A.) statistical software package. Descriptive statistic, central tendency measures (means and standard deviations) were calculated for quantitative variables and frequencies, and percentages for categorical variables.</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">For the comparison of groups, the Student's <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test and one-way ANOVA were used, in accordance with the variable characteristics. In order to assess correlation between numerical variables the Pearson correlation coefficient was used, given the normal distribution of data, which were also assessed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests with correction by Lilliefors and Shapiro–Wilk.</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the multivariate analysis a multiple lineal regression model was made, using quality of life as the dependent variable measured with the QoL-RA and each one of its domains. The model included these variables: age in years, gender, civil status, socio-economic stratum, duration of RA in years, rheumatoid factor positivity, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies positivity, current therapy with biologics, presence of at least one comorbidity, disease activity and functionality. These variables were included because they had been reported in previous studies as the factors with the highest explanatory capacity of the quality of life profile in these patients,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2,3,13,14</span></a> and it was anticipated that they would be clinically associated with quality of life. A <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> value of <.05 was considered statistically significant.</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Results</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 163 patients with RA were included in the study. The socio-economic characteristics of the population studied are contained in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A diagnosis of hypothyroidism was reported in 40 patients (24.5%); hypertension in 32 (19.6%); dyslipidemia in 8 (4.9%) and diabetes mellitus in 5 (3.1%). Nine patients presented with a history of extra-articular disease: 6 with Sjögren's syndrome, 2 fibromyalgia, and one systemic lupus erythematosus.</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The mean years of RA diagnosis was 12.72<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10.4 years. Regarding disease activity, 63 patients (38.7%) were in remission (SDAI ≤3.3); 66 patients (40.5%) in low activity (SDAI ≤11); 30 patients (18.4%) in moderate activity (SDAI >11 and ≤26) and 4 patients (2.5%) presented with severe disease activity (SDAI >26).</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The mean score of the QoL-RA scale was 6.84<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.5 points. The highest averages were obtained in the social interaction domains (8.04<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.9) and support from family and friends (8.01<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2), whilst the lowest scores were in the nervous tension domains (6.00<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2.3) and joint pain (6.33<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2.0). The mean score of the MHAQ was 5.88<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5.18 (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>, which shows univariate analyses we can see that only disease activity determined statistically significant differences in the quality of life averages. Meanwhile, according to the Pearson correlation, the functionality measured with MHAQ and the duration of the disease in years were significantly correlated with quality of life measured by the QoL-RA (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>−.70; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.001 and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>−.178; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.05, respectively).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In multivariate analysis contained in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>, functionality was assessed through the MHAQ and was associated in almost all quality of life domains covered by QoL-RA, except the domains of interaction and nervous tension, with different levels of inverse correlation in each of them.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">For its part, disease activity was one factor negatively associated with the domains of interaction, mood and nervous tension. Whilst there was a positive correlation of age with the domains of joint pain, nervous tension and arthritis. Disease duration was negatively correlated with the nervous tension domain.</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The model presented the highest coefficient of determination for the domains of joint pain and arthritis (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">R</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.52), and the lowest value was (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">R</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.10) for the interaction dimension (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>).</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Discussion</span><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The results obtained in this study indicate that, in general, quality of life for the patients who participated was from moderate to good, with a total mean score of 6.8 points. Despite the fact that in the literature a cut-off point has not been established within the scale to define good quality of life, the mean score found is similar to that reported in previous studies in the Latin population, that are ranged between 5.28 and 7.38 points.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10,14–19</span></a></p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The highest mean scores were obtained in the interaction (8.04<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.9) and support (8.01<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2) domains, results which coincide with that reported in other studies conducted in the Spanish-speaking population with the same tool in Colombian,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16–19</span></a> Cuban,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> and Latin patients resident in California<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> and a sample of Spanish patients.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a></p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In all of these studies the highest scoring domains are precisely those relating to support and social life. However, the mean scores of the overall QoL-RA and by domains are variable between the different studies: they are higher in the Colombian<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16–19</span></a> and Cuban<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> populations and lower in the Spanish population and Latin residences in California.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> These data suggest that perception of quality of life of patients with RA is influenced by ethnic, social and cultural factors.</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In addition to this, in this study MHAQ (higher scores)s were identified for disease duration (higher years of disease) and disease activity (not obtaining remission) and associated with poorer quality of life scores. Age, for its part, was a factor positively associated with joint pain, nervous tension and arthritis domains: the higher the age the better the quality of life. No associations were found with gender, civil status, socio-economic stratum, presence of comorbidities, rheumatoid factor positivity, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies positivity and use of biologics.</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">With regard to physical functionality, our results match those reported by several authors, who found there was a correlation of the MHAQ with quality of life in patients with arthritis measured with several tools.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2,13,19</span></a> With regard to age and disease duration, a systematic review which assessed the impact of RA on the HRQOL measured by the SF-36 tool and related factors, found that these were associated with the HRQOL in patients with RA.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> In this systematic review they also reported that the older the patient the higher the quality of life score in the mental domain and the higher the overall score for the mental component, whilst the scores of physical function dropped.</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although it has been demonstrated that age has a negative impact on quality of life, it has been reported that in chronic clinical conditions such as chronic kidney disease<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> or chronic obstructive lung disease,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> the quality of life could be worse in younger patients. This fact could be explained by younger people's lower capacity for adaptation to the impact chronic diseases have on several aspects of life, such as personal relationships, employment, self-esteem and future plans.</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It is important to note that, whilst in the present study no association was found with socio-economic stratum, other studies reported that this association was subrogated to economic satisfaction where patients who were financially dissatisfied obtained lower quality of life scores.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2,22–24</span></a> This difference could be explained by the methodology used to define socio-economic strata and also because the patients assessed in this study belong to the public social security health system of Ecuador and were mostly classified as middle class. This is an important point since studies show that a lower level of socio-economic strata is associated with a poorer quality of life.</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The key limitations of the study include the fact that the sample comprised of patients from a hospital located in the urban area of Ecuador, which could be interpreted as having major socio-economic differences and accessibility to healthcare services compared with all the other Ecuadorian patients. According to the stratification survey on socio-economic levels conducted by the Ecuadorian Institute of Statistics and Censuses, in Ecuador middle and lower middle class predominate,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> whilst the cohort of patients assessed in this study were mainly from upper middle and middle social strata. Furthermore, we are aware that there are inequalities in access to healthcare services between the urban and rural population, which is reflected in the percentage of the population who are subscribed to at least one type of health insurance, and this is much higher in the urban than in the rural population.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> These limitations could mean that the quality of life found in this study corresponds to a more privileged population sample with better access to healthcare services than the rest of the country. However, this study does include patients from a national benchmark hospital and they therefore represent the quality of life situation of a proportion of the population with RA resident in all provinces of Ecuador.</p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study design is cross-sectional which prevents us from assessing the changes in quality of life as the disease progresses, and the factors impacting this change. Another limitation is the tool used to assess the HRQOL: although the QoL-RA has limited proof of validity of content and hypothesis according to a systematic review,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> we decided to use it because it is an instrument which has been validated into Spanish in the Latin American population and this means that results are comparables with previous studies. Another aspect to consider in the interpretation of results of this study is that the comorbidities and extra-articular symptoms were collected from the medical histories when they were being described, and they may have been under represented.</p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In daily practice, RA patient management has been focused on improving clinical variables and for a long time assessment of disease activity was considered a more reliable tool than the perception of the patient on pain and their overall health status.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Growing emphasis on the patient's outlook on health when considering treatment options has resulted in the patient's assessment of health generally and their quality of life has become an essential part of daily practice and also a major trigger in clinical trials and observational studies.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> This type of RA patient management in Ecuador should be heightened and this study, as the first of its kind on quality of life and RA in Equator, provides a baseline for future research.</p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To conclude, the patients assessed had a good to moderate HRQOL. The domains related to support and social life were those which scored the highest, and the lowest were those related to pain and nervous tension. Physical functionality, duration and disease activity were statistically associated with the HRQOL.</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Ethical disclosures</span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Protection of human and animal subjects</span><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that for this research no experiments have been carried out on humans or animals.</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Confidentiality of data</span><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have adhered to the protocols of their centre of work on the publication of patient data.</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Right to privacy and informed consent</span><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no patient data appears in this article.</p></span></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Conflict of interests</span><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:13 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1258175" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objectives" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Patients and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1165509" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1258176" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivos" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Pacientes y métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusión" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1165510" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Patients and methods" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Statistical analysis" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Results" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Ethical disclosures" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Protection of human and animal subjects" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Confidentiality of data" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Right to privacy and informed consent" ] ] ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Conflict of interests" ] 11 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack431393" "titulo" => "Acknowledgments" ] 12 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2017-04-12" "fechaAceptado" => "2017-08-11" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1165509" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Rheumatoid arthritis" 1 => "Quality of life" 2 => "Social support" 3 => "Patient reported outcome" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1165510" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Artritis reumatoide" 1 => "Calidad de vida" 2 => "Apoyo social" 3 => "Desenlaces comunicados por los pacientes" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objectives</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and associated clinical, demographic and socioeconomic factors in a cohort of Ecuadorian patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Patients and methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A cross-sectional descriptive study evaluating (HRQoL) with the Spanish version of the Quality of Life Rheumatoid Arthritis (QoL-RA) instrument in patients diagnosed with RA according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology and the European League Against Rheumatism. In addition, the following data were obtained: age, sex, marital status, socioeconomic stratum, comorbidities, disease duration, medication, rheumatoid factor positivity, disease activity using the simplified disease activity index and physical functionality measured with the modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (MHAQ).</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A total of 163 patients were assessed, the mean score of the QoL-RA scale was 6.84<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.5 points. The highest measurements were obtained in the domains of interaction (8.04<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.9) and support (8.01<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2). The factors that were associated with the overall quality of life assessment were: functionality measured with MHAQ (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>−.70; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.001); disease duration in years (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>−.178; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.05); and disease activity (mean difference of 1.5; 95% CI: 1.09–1.91).</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The patients evaluated had a good to moderate HRQoL. The domains related to support and social life were those with the highest scores and the lowest scores were related to pain and nervous tension. Functionality, duration, and disease activity were statistically associated with HRQoL.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objectives" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Patients and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) y los factores clínicos, demográficos y socioeconómicos asociados en una cohorte de pacientes ecuatorianos con artritis reumatoide (AR).</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Pacientes y métodos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio descriptivo transversal que evaluó la CVRS con la versión en español del instrumento <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Quality of Life–Rheumatoid Arthritis</span> (QoL-RA) en pacientes con diagnóstico de AR según los criterios del Colegio Estadounidense de Reumatología y de la Liga Europea Contra el Reumatismo. Adicionalmente, se obtuvieron los siguientes datos: edad, estado civil, sexo, estrato socioeconómico, comorbilidades, duración de la enfermedad, medicación, positividad de factor reumatoide, de ACPA, actividad de la enfermedad mediante el índice de actividad de la enfermedad simplificado y funcionalidad física medida con MHAQ.</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se evaluaron un total de 163 pacientes con AR, la puntuación media de la escala QoL-RA fue de 6,84<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1,5 puntos. Las medias más altas se obtuvieron en los dominios de interacción (8,04<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1,9) y apoyo (8,01<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2). Los factores que estuvieron asociados con la valoración global de la calidad de vida fueron: funcionalidad medida con MHAQ (r<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>−0,70; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,001); duración de la enfermedad en años (r<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>−0,178; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,05) y actividad de la enfermedad (diferencia de medias de 1,5; IC 95%: 1,09-1,91).</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusión</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los pacientes evaluados tuvieron una CVRS de buena a moderada. Los dominios relacionados con soporte y vida social fueron los mejor puntuados y los más bajos los relacionados con dolor y tensión nerviosa. La funcionalidad, la duración y la actividad de la enfermedad estuvieron estadísticamente asociadas a la CVRS.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivos" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Pacientes y métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusión" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0030">Please cite this article as: Cruz-Castillo Y, Montero N, Salazar-Ponce R, Villacís-Tamayo R. Calidad de vida en pacientes ecuatorianos con artritis reumatoide: un estudio transversal. Reumatol Clin. 2019;15:296–300.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 783 "Ancho" => 1624 "Tamanyo" => 70929 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Means and standard deviation of each domain from the QoL-RA scale.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">SDAI: Simplified Disease Activity Index.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sex, n (%)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Female \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">132 (81) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Male \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">31 (19) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mean age in years (SD)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">55.69 (±11.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Duration of disease in mean years (SD)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12.72 (±10.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Civil status, n (%)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Single \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">23 (14.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Married \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">94 (57.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Divorced \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">28 (17.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Living with a partner \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 (6.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Widowed \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8 (4.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Socio-economic stratum, n (%)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Upper \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2 (7.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Upper middle \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">57 (35) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Middle \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">60 (36.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Lower middle \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">33 (20.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Lower \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 (.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Disease activity by SDAI, n (%)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Remission \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">63 (38.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Low activity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">66 (40.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Moderate activity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">30 (18.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Severe activity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4 (2.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Presence of comorbidity, n (%)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">69 (42.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">94 (57.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Use of biologics, n (%)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">18 (11) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">145 (89) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Extra-articular disease, n (%)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9 (5.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">154 (94.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2151610.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the assessed patients.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at2" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:3 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">ACPA: anti-citrullinated protein antibodies; NS: not significant.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variable \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Means \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean difference (95% CI) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sex</span></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="3" align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.21 (−.36 to .80)</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">NS</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Male \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7.02 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Female \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Socio-economic stratum</span></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.23 (−.23 to .69)<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">NS</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Upper \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.36 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Upper middle \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7.10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Middle \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.63 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Lower middle \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7.03 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Lower \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.87 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Civil status</span></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.24 (−.7 to .23)<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">NS</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Single \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7.03 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Married \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.98 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Divorced \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.43 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Living with a partner \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.38 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Widowed \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.56 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Presence of comorbidities</span></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="3" align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.05 (−.52 to .40)</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">NS</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.80 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.86 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Disease activity</span></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="5" align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.5 (1.09 to 1.91)<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="5" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><.01</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Remission \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7.76 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Low activity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.72 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Moderate activity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.47 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Severe activity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4.53 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Rheumatoid factor positivity</span></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="3" align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.21 (−.37 to .79)</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">NS</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.88 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.67 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ACPA positivity</span></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="3" align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.37 (−.30 to 1.04)</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">NS</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7.19 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.82 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Use of biologics</span></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="3" align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.22 (−.51 to .95)</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">NS</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7.04 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.81 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2151609.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0005" "etiqueta" => "a" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Mean difference when the socio-economic stratum is dichotomized in upper (upper, upper middle) versus middle and low (middle, lower middle and low).</p>" ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0010" "etiqueta" => "b" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Mean difference when the civil status in no partner (single, widowed and divorced) is dichotomized versus with a partner (married and living with a partner).</p>" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0015" "etiqueta" => "c" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Mean difference when the disease activity in remission is dichotomized versus no remission.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Univariate analysis of factors associated with quality of life in patients RA.</p>" ] ] 3 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0015" "etiqueta" => "Table 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at3" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Associated factors \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">β</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">R</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Overall quality of life</span></td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.207<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">**</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.60 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">MHAQ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.461<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Duration of the disease \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.154<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Disease activity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.282<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">QoL-RA domains</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Physical ability \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">MHAQ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.626<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.39 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Joint pain</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.230<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.52 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">MHAQ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.692<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Interaction with family and friends \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Disease activity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.332<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Support from family and friends \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">MHAQ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.694<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.48 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Mood</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">MHAQ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.361<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.38 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Disease activity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.309<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Nervous tension</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.265<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">**</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.21 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Duration of the disease \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.204<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">**</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Disease activity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.314<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="3" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Arthritis</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.148<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">**</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.52 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">MHAQ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.392<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Disease activity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.365<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Health \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">MHAQ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">−.477<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020">*</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">.22 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2151611.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0020" "etiqueta" => "*" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0020"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.01.</p>" ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0025" "etiqueta" => "**" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0025"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.05.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Multiple linear regression models for the factors associated with quality of life and each of its domains.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:28 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0145" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "2010 Rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "D. Aletaha" 1 => "T. Neogi" 2 => "A.J. Silman" 3 => "J. Funovits" 4 => "D. Felson" 5 => "C. Bingham" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1002/art.27584" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arthritis Rheum" "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "62" "paginaInicial" => "2569" "paginaFinal" => "2581" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20872595" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0150" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con artritis reumatoide de Medellín-Colombia, 2014" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "J. Franco-Aguirre" 1 => "A. Cardona-Tapias" 2 => "J. Cardona-Arias" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Colomb Reumatol" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "22" "paginaInicial" => "153" "paginaFinal" => "161" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0155" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The impact of rheumatoid arthritis on quality-of-life assessed using the SF-36: a systematic review and meta-analysis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "F. Matcham" 1 => "I.C. Scott" 2 => "L. Rayner" 3 => "M. Hotopf" 4 => "G.H. Kingsley" 5 => "S. Norton" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.semarthrit.2014.05.001" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Semin Arthritis Rheum" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "44" "paginaInicial" => "123" "paginaFinal" => "130" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24973898" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0160" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Systematic review of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for assessing disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "J. Hendrikx" 1 => "M.J. de Jonge" 2 => "J. Fransen" 3 => "W. Kievit" 4 => "P.L. van Riel" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1136/rmdopen-2015-000202" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "RMD Open" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "e000202" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27651921" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0165" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "2015 American College of Rheumatology guideline for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J.A. Singh" 1 => "K.G. Saag" 2 => "S.L. Bridges" 3 => "E.A. Akl" 4 => "R.R. Bannuru" 5 => "M. Sullivan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "68" "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "25" ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0170" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2016 update" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J.S. Smolen" 1 => "R. Landewé" 2 => "J. Bijlsma" 3 => "G. Burmester" 4 => "K. Chatzidionysiou" 5 => "M. Dougados" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210715" "Revista" => array:2 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ann Rheum Dis" "fecha" => "2017" ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0175" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Rheumatoid arthritis in adults: management" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:3 [ "fecha" => "2009" "editorial" => "National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence" "editorialLocalizacion" => "London" ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0180" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Sociodemographic differences in quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "E.J. Groessl" 1 => "T.G. Ganiats" 2 => "A.J. Sarkin" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.2165/00019053-200624020-00002" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pharmacoeconomics" "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "24" "paginaInicial" => "109" "paginaFinal" => "121" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16460133" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0185" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Rheumatoid arthritis disease activity measures: American College of Rheumatology recommendations for use in clinical practice" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J. Anderson" 1 => "L. Caplan" 2 => "J. Yazdany" 3 => "M.L. Robbins" 4 => "T. Neogi" 5 => "K. Michaud" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "64" "paginaInicial" => "640" "paginaFinal" => "647" ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0190" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "An English and Spanish quality of life measure for rheumatoid arthritis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "L.L. Danao" 1 => "G.V. Padilla" 2 => "D.A. Johnson" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arthritis Rheum" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "45" "paginaInicial" => "167" "paginaFinal" => "173" ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0195" "etiqueta" => "11" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Instituto Ecuatoriano de Estadísticas y Censos del Ecuador. Encuesta de estratificación del nivel socioeconómico NSE 2011. Available from: <a target="_blank" href="http://www.inec.gob.ec%5Cr">www.inec.gob.ec%5Cr</a> [Internet; accessed 15.03.16]." ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0200" "etiqueta" => "12" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Adaptación del Modifed Health Assessment Questionnaire (MHAQ) a la población española" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J. Esteve-Vive" 1 => "E. Batlle-Gualda" 2 => "J. Tornero" 3 => "M. Tenorio" 4 => "D. Boquet" 5 => "A. Martínez-Sanchís" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Esp Reum" "fecha" => "1994" "paginaInicial" => "21" ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0205" "etiqueta" => "13" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Factors influencing quality of life (QOL) for Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "S.-K. Cho" 1 => "D. Kim" 2 => "J.-B. Jun" 3 => "S.-C. Bae" 4 => "Y.-K. Sung" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00296-011-2352-6" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rheumatol Int" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "33" "paginaInicial" => "93" "paginaFinal" => "102" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22218643" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0210" "etiqueta" => "14" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Evaluación de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con artritis reumatoide en el Centro de Reumatología" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "D.M. Prada" 1 => "C. Hernández" 2 => "J.A. Gómez" 3 => "R. Gil" 4 => "Y. Reyes" 5 => "U. Solís" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Cuba Reum" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "17" "paginaInicial" => "48" "paginaFinal" => "60" ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0215" "etiqueta" => "15" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Calidad de vida en pacientes con artritis reumatoide en tratamiento ambulatorio con anti-TNF" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "L. Fernández Lisón" 1 => "B. Vázquez" 2 => "L. Fernández" 3 => "P. Moreno" 4 => "I. Fruns" 5 => "J. Liso" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Farm Hosp" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "32" "paginaInicial" => "178" "paginaFinal" => "181" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18840348" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0220" "etiqueta" => "16" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The impact of disease activity on the quality of life mental health status, and family dysfunction in Colombian patients with rheumatoid arthritis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J. Cadena" 1 => "S. Vinaccia" 2 => "A. Perez" 3 => "M.I. Rico" 4 => "R. Hinojosa" 5 => "J. Anaya" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1097/01.RHU.0000073434.59752.f3" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Rheumatol" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "9" "paginaInicial" => "142" "paginaFinal" => "150" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17041449" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0225" "etiqueta" => "17" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Calidad de vida en personas con artritis reumatoide a partir del Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida en la Artritis (QoL-RA)" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "S. Tobón" 1 => "S. Vinaccia" 2 => "J. Cadena" 3 => "J. Anaya" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Psicol Salud" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "14" "paginaInicial" => "25" "paginaFinal" => "30" ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0230" "etiqueta" => "18" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Aplicación de la versión española del cuestionario Quality of Life Measure for Rheumatoid Arthritis (QOL-RA) en Colombia" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "S. Vinaccia" 1 => "H. Fernández" 2 => "E. Moreno" 3 => "S. Pedro" 4 => "G.V. Padilla" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Colomb Reumatol" "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "13" "paginaInicial" => "264" "paginaFinal" => "270" ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0235" "etiqueta" => "19" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, percepción de enfermedad, felicidad y emociones negativas en pacientes con diagnóstico de artritis reumatoide" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "S. Vinaccia Alpi" 1 => "J.M. Quiceno" 2 => "F. Lozano" 3 => "S. Romero" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Acta Colomb Psicol" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "20" "paginaInicial" => "60" "paginaFinal" => "69" ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0240" "etiqueta" => "20" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Factors associated with health-related quality of life in renal transplant recipients: results of a national survey in France" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "E. Gentile" 1 => "D. Beauger" 2 => "E. Speyer" 3 => "E. Jouve" 4 => "B. Dussol" 5 => "C. Jacqueline" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/1477-7525-11-88" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Health Qual Life Outcomes" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "11" "paginaInicial" => "88" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23721430" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0245" "etiqueta" => "21" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevalence and risk factors for depressive symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "R. Schane" 1 => "P. Woodruff" 2 => "A. Dinno" 3 => "K. Covinsky" 4 => "L. Walter" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s11606-008-0749-z" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Gen Intern Med" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "23" "paginaInicial" => "1757" "paginaFinal" => "1762" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18690488" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0250" "etiqueta" => "22" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Health-related quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis: comparison of RAQoL with other scales in terms of disease activity, severity of pain, and functional status" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "Y. Garip" 1 => "F. Eser" 2 => "H. Bodur" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00296-009-1353-1" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rheumatol Int" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "31" "paginaInicial" => "769" "paginaFinal" => "772" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20180124" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 22 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0255" "etiqueta" => "23" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Logistic regression models for predicting physical and mental health-related quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis patients" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "G.H. Alishiri" 1 => "N. Bayat" 2 => "A. Fathi Ashtiani" 3 => "S.A. Tavallaii" 4 => "S. Assari" 5 => "Y. Moharamzad" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s10165-008-0092-6" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mod Rheumatol" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "18" "paginaInicial" => "601" "paginaFinal" => "608" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18568385" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 23 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0260" "etiqueta" => "24" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The impact of low family income on self-reported health outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis within a publicly funded health-care environment" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "C.A. Marra" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rheumatology (Oxford)" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "43" "paginaInicial" => "1390" "paginaFinal" => "1397" ] ] ] ] ] ] 24 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0265" "etiqueta" => "25" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Encuesta de estratificación del nivel socioeconómico NSE" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:1 [ "fecha" => "2011" ] ] ] ] ] ] 25 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0270" "etiqueta" => "26" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Tomo I: Encuesta nacional de salud y nutrición de la población ecuatoriana de cero a 59 años. ENSANUT-ECU 2012" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "W. Freire" 1 => "M. Ramirez-Luzuriaga" 2 => "P. Belmont" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:2 [ "fecha" => "2015" "paginaInicial" => "117" ] ] ] ] ] ] 26 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0275" "etiqueta" => "27" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Measurement properties of rheumatoid arthritis-specific quality-of-life questionnaires: systematic review of the literature" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "J. Lee" 1 => "S.H. Kim" 2 => "S.H. Moon" 3 => "E.-H. Lee" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s11136-014-0716-6" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Qual Life Res" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "23" "paginaInicial" => "2779" "paginaFinal" => "2791" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24844672" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 27 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0280" "etiqueta" => "28" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Rheumatoid arthritis in Jordan: a cross sectional study of disease severity and associated comorbidities" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "K.M. Alawneh" 1 => "B.Y. Khassawneh" 2 => "M.H. Ayesh" 3 => "M. Smadi" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.2147/TCRM.S62954" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ther Clin Risk Manag" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "10" "paginaInicial" => "363" "paginaFinal" => "366" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24876781" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "agradecimientos" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "identificador" => "xack431393" "titulo" => "Acknowledgments" "texto" => "<p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We would like to thank doctors Verónica Villacís and María Eugenia Gómez from the Rheumatology Unit of the Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín, for their collaboration in data collection.</p>" "vista" => "all" ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/21735743/0000001500000005/v1_201910260908/S2173574319300930/v1_201910260908/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "43294" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Original articles" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21735743/0000001500000005/v1_201910260908/S2173574319300930/v1_201910260908/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004M&text.app=https://reumatologiaclinica.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173574319300930?idApp=UINPBA00004M" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 4 | 2 | 6 |
| 2024 October | 54 | 34 | 88 |
| 2024 September | 54 | 23 | 77 |
| 2024 August | 56 | 34 | 90 |
| 2024 July | 112 | 49 | 161 |
| 2024 June | 58 | 39 | 97 |
| 2024 May | 77 | 32 | 109 |
| 2024 April | 93 | 35 | 128 |
| 2024 March | 48 | 16 | 64 |
| 2024 February | 38 | 22 | 60 |
| 2024 January | 53 | 22 | 75 |
| 2023 December | 47 | 33 | 80 |
| 2023 November | 43 | 39 | 82 |
| 2023 October | 54 | 27 | 81 |
| 2023 September | 123 | 39 | 162 |
| 2023 August | 158 | 18 | 176 |
| 2023 July | 44 | 20 | 64 |
| 2023 June | 41 | 23 | 64 |
| 2023 May | 56 | 24 | 80 |
| 2023 April | 36 | 18 | 54 |
| 2023 March | 74 | 34 | 108 |
| 2023 February | 63 | 29 | 92 |
| 2023 January | 45 | 18 | 63 |
| 2022 December | 101 | 28 | 129 |
| 2022 November | 62 | 32 | 94 |
| 2022 October | 103 | 32 | 135 |
| 2022 September | 58 | 30 | 88 |
| 2022 August | 59 | 40 | 99 |
| 2022 July | 57 | 29 | 86 |
| 2022 June | 54 | 43 | 97 |
| 2022 May | 61 | 39 | 100 |
| 2022 April | 60 | 35 | 95 |
| 2022 March | 49 | 55 | 104 |
| 2022 February | 49 | 43 | 92 |
| 2022 January | 57 | 43 | 100 |
| 2021 December | 41 | 40 | 81 |
| 2021 November | 32 | 43 | 75 |
| 2021 October | 46 | 38 | 84 |
| 2021 September | 37 | 44 | 81 |
| 2021 August | 31 | 29 | 60 |
| 2021 July | 28 | 22 | 50 |
| 2021 June | 29 | 21 | 50 |
| 2021 May | 40 | 41 | 81 |
| 2021 April | 76 | 85 | 161 |
| 2021 March | 61 | 32 | 93 |
| 2021 February | 27 | 18 | 45 |
| 2021 January | 40 | 23 | 63 |
| 2020 December | 25 | 13 | 38 |
| 2020 November | 77 | 19 | 96 |
| 2020 October | 67 | 13 | 80 |
| 2020 September | 60 | 34 | 94 |
| 2020 August | 34 | 25 | 59 |
| 2020 July | 40 | 23 | 63 |
| 2020 June | 48 | 13 | 61 |
| 2020 May | 43 | 11 | 54 |
| 2020 April | 29 | 11 | 40 |
| 2020 March | 4 | 2 | 6 |
| 2019 November | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Show all
