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Vol. 3. Issue 5.
Pages 213-217 (September - October 2007)
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Vol. 3. Issue 5.
Pages 213-217 (September - October 2007)
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Estudio neurofisiológico en pacientes con artritis reumatoide y subluxación atloaxoidea
Neurophysiologic study in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with atlantoaxial subluxation
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Antonio Juana,
Corresponding author
ajuan@hsll.es

Correspondencia: Dr. A. Juan. Unidad de Reumatología. Hospital Son Llàtzer Ctra. Manacor, km 4. 07198 Palma de Mallorca. España.
, José Valverdeb, Mónica vecianac, jorge Monteroc
a Unidad de Reumatología. Hospital Son Llàtzer. Palma de Mallorca. España
b Servicio de Reumatología. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge. L’Hospitalet de Llobregat. Barcelona. España
c Unidad Neuromuscular. Servicio de Neurología. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge. L’Hospitalet de Llobregat. Barcelona. España
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Introducción

Los estudios radiológicos demuestran que el 80% de los pacientes afectos de artritis reumatoide con más de 10 años de evolución presentan afectación cervical y que el 40% de ellos presentaba deterioro neurológico. Los potenciales evocados somestésicos (PES) y la estimulación magnética transcortical (PEM) son estudios neurofisiológicos que pueden ser útiles para un diagnóstico precoz de daño neurológico.

Objetivo

Comparar los resultados de los estudios neurofisiológicos (PES y PEM) practicados a pacientes afectos de artiritis reumatoide sin clínica neurológica, con y sin subluxación atloaxoidea (SAA), y valorar la eficacia del diagnóstico precoz de la afección de la médula espinal por métodos de electrodiagnóstico.

Material y métodos

Se trata de un estudio de casos y controles que ha incluido a 29 pacientes afectos de artritis reumatoide de más de 3 años de evolución. A todos los pacientes se les han practicado 2 técnicas electofisiológicas: PES y PEM en el laboratorio de neurofisiología y se han separado los dos grupos según presentaran o no SAA.

Resultados

Participaron en el estudio 29 pacientes, 21 mujeres y 8 varones. En el grupo con SAA, 2 pacientes presentaron una anomalía en el PES (11,7%) y 7 en la PEM (41,1%). En el grupo sin SAA 2 presentaron una PEM alterada (16,6%) y ninguno alteración en el PES. Ningún paciente, afecto o no de SAA, presentó alteración de ambas pruebas electrofisiológicas. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre la positividad del factor reumatoide o la presencia de erosiones y la afectación de la articulación atloaxoidea. Tampoco se encontraron diferencias entre la edad de presentación o los años de evolución y la SAA.

Conclusiones

En nuestro estudio los pacientes con SAA mostraron una mayor tendencia a presentar alteraciones en los estudios neurofisiológicos que los pacientes sin SAA.

Palabras clave:
Artritis reumatoide
Columna cervical
Estudios neurofisiológicos
Introduction

Radiological studies show that 80% of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with more than 10 years present spinal afflictions and 40% of those patients will present neurological deterioration. The somatesthetic evoked potential (SEP) and the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are neurophysiologic studies that may be useful in early diagnosis of neurological damage.

Objective

To compare the results of the neurophysiologic studies (SEP and TMS) carried out on patients affected with RA without neurological clinic, with or without atlantoaxial suluxation (AAS), and in this way evaluate the efficacy of early diagnosis of the affection of the spinal medulla by electrodiagnostic methods.

Material and methods

Cases and controls study that included 29 patients affected with RA of more than 3 years evolution. All of the patients had 2 electrophysiological techniques carried out on them: SEP and TMS in the neurophysiologic laboratory.

Results

29 patients participated in the study, of which 21 were females and 8 males. In the group affected with AAS 2 patients presented anomaly in the SEP (11.7%) and 7 in the TMS (41.1%). In the group without AAS 2 presented an altered TMS (16.6%), but no alteration in the SEP. No patient affected or not with AAS, presented alteration of both electrophysiological tests. No significant differences were found between the positivity of the RF or the presence of erosions and the affection of the atloaxoid joint. No differences between the age of outset or years of evolution and the AAS.

Conclusions

In our study patients with AAS showed a greater trend towards the presence of alterations in the electrophysiological studies than the patients without AAS.

Key words:
Rheumatoid arthritis
Cervical spine
Neurophysiologic studies
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Copyright © 2007. Elsevier España S.L Barcelona
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