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El fenómeno de Raynaud se caracteriza por ataques isquémicos seguidos de vasodilatación de las zonas distales del cuerpo. Es una condición clínica frecuente en la práctica médica diaria; puede ser primario o asociado a diversas enfermedades, como las enfermedades reumáticas autoinmunitarias. Esta clasificación tiene implicaciones clínicas y terapéuticas. La revisión clínica cuidadosa del paciente es la forma más fiable y reproducible para el diagnóstico; otros métodos usados, sin embargo, se encuentran en el área experimental. Diversos factores de riesgo han sido involucrados en el desarrollo del fenómeno de Raynaud; no obstante, su patogenia no se ha dilucidado completamente, aunque es cierto que se ha descrito recientemente avances en su comprensión. Estos mecanismos descritos han impactado directamente en el desarrollo de nuevas terapias para el control de la enfermedad.
Palabras clave:
Fenómeno de Raynaud
Patogenia
Tratamiento
Abstract
Raynaud’s phenomenon is characterized by repeated daily attacks of ischemia followed by reperfusion at the acrallevel. It is a frequent syndrome found in medical practice; and it can be considered as primary or secondary to other conditions, including rheumatic autoimmune diseases. Current classification had clinical and therapeutic implications. Careful clinical evaluation is the most reliable and reproducible method in the diagnosis of Raynaud’s phenomenon. Several risk factors had been associated in the genesis of Raynaud’s phenomenon; however, its pathogenesis remains elusive although recently, considerable progress in disease mechanism had been described. Such advances are directing new lines of therapy.
Key words:
Raynaud’s phenomenon
Pathogenesis
Therapy
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