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Vol. 3. Issue 4.
Pages 153-158 (July - August 2007)
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Vol. 3. Issue 4.
Pages 153-158 (July - August 2007)
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Tratamiento de la artritis reumatoide con anakinra: revisión sistemática
Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis With Anakinra: A Systematic Review
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José de La Mata Llorda,
Corresponding author
reumatologia.hlz@sanitas.es

Correspondencia: Dr. J. de La Mata. Servicio de Reumatología y Metabolismo Óseo. Hospital de la Zarzuela. 28023 Madrid. España.
, Rosa González Crespob, Jesús Maese Manzanoc
a Servicio de Reumatología y Metabolismo Óseo. Hospital de la Zarzuela. Madrid. España
b Servicio de Reumatología. Hospital 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España
c Grupo de Medicina Basada en la Evidencia. Sociedad Española de Reumatología. Madrid. España
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Objetivo

Evaluar la eficacia y la seguridad del anakinra en el tratamiento de la artritis reumatoide (AR) mediante una revisión sistemática de la evidencia científica.

Material y método

Búsqueda en MEDLINE, EMBASE y el registro de estudios Cochrane desde el año 2000 hasta febrero de 2006 según una estrategia prediseñada de perfil sensible que incluyó todos los estudios controlados y aleatorizados (ECA) que evaluaron la eficacia o la seguridad del anakinra en el tratamiento de la AR.

Resultados

Se incluyó 4 estudios para evaluar la eficacia del anakinra y un estudio para evaluar su seguridad. En todas las mediciones de eficacia analizadas, se observó un efecto beneficioso del anakinra respecto a placebo y del anakinra + metotrexato (MTX) respecto a la monoterapia con MTX. La combinación de anakinra y etanercept no fue más eficaz que el etanercept en monoterapia y, en cambio, incrementó la incidencia de infecciones graves. La tasa de suspensiones por reacciones adversas al anakinra fue discretamente superior a la del placebo, si bien se puede considerar que el anakinra es un fármaco bien tolerado y seguro a corto plazo cuyo efecto adverso más frecuente es la inflamación local en el punto de inyección.

Conclusiones

El anakinra es una alternativa eficaz y segura para tratar a corto plazo la AR. Esta revisión no permite extraer conclusiones sobre la eficacia y la seguridad de este fármaco a largo plazo.

Palabras clave:
Anakinra
Antagonista del receptor de la interleucina 1
Artritis reumatoide
Tratamiento farmacológico
Revisión sistemática
Objective

To perform a systematic review for evaluating efficacy and safety of anakinra in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Material and method

The MedLine, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from January 2000 to February 2006 by using a high sensitive search that included every randomised controlled trial (RCTs) or controlled trial (CTs) that evaluated either efficacy or safety of Anakinra for the treatment of RA.

Results

The search identified four relevant studies to evaluate efficacy. Patients treated with anakinra achieved significantly better clinical responses than those treated with placebo. Anakinra combined with methotrexate provided significantly greater clinical benefit than methotrexate alone. Combination therapy with etanercept and anakinra provides no added benefit and an increased safety risk compared with etanercept alone. Results from a large, placebo-controlled safety study demonstrate that anakinra is safe and well tolerated. The most common adverse effect was a mild local inflammation over the puncture area.

Conclusions

This review confirmed both the efficacy and the safety of anakinra in the short term for the treatment of RA. Anakinra provides adequate clinical responses without major safety problems. This systematic review does not allow us to conclude on Anakinra responses in the long term.

Key words:
Anakinra
Interleuquin-1 receptor antagonist
Rheumatoid arthritis
Pharmacologic treatment
Systematic review
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Copyright © 2007. Elsevier España S.L Barcelona
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