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Vol. 21. Issue 2.
(February 2025)
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Vol. 21. Issue 2.
(February 2025)
Original article
Comorbidities in Mexican Mestizo patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study of 523 patients in a preventive cardio-rheumatology clinic
Comorbilidades en los pacientes mestizos mexicanos con artritis reumatoide: estudio transversal de 523 pacientes en una clínica preventiva de cardio-reumatología
Rosa I. Arvizu-Riveraa, Jesus A. Cardenas-de la Garzaa, Valeria Gonzalez-Gonzalezb, Dionicio A. Galarza-Delgadoa,
Corresponding author
dgalarza@medicinauanl.mx

Corresponding author.
, Jose R. Azpiri-Lopezc, Andrea L. Guajardo-Aldacoa, Maria F. Elizondo-Beniteza, Iris J. Colunga-Pedrazaa
a Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario “Dr. José Eleuterio González”, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
b Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario “Dr. José Eleuterio González”, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
c Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario “Dr. José Eleuterio González”, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities in RA patients.
Table 2. Alterations in clinical and laboratory values without diagnosis in RA patients.
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Abstract
Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities in a cohort of Mexican Mestizo rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Methods

We performed an observational and cross-sectional study involving the RA cohort of our Cardio-Rheumatology Clinic in a teaching hospital. The cohort includes patients aged 40–75 years old who fulfilled the ACR/EULAR classification criteria for RA, patients were recruited from August 2014 to July 2023. Cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities were defined as a diagnosis included in the patient's medical record or the use of treatment for these conditions.

Results

523 patients with RA were included; the majority were women (92.3%). The median age was 55 (48.9–61.0) years. The most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors were overweight (219, 42%), obesity (157, 32.0%), dyslipidemia (165, 31.5%), and hypertension (164, 31.3%). We also detected, that 12.1% of patients without a diagnosis of hypertension had elevated blood pressure, hyperglycemia was reported in 17.2%, and lipid profile alterations were present in 70.6% of patients with no previous diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, respectively.

Conclusion

Cardiovascular risk factors are prevalent in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Overweight, obesity, and dyslipidemia were the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors in our cohort. Alterations in the lipid profile were reported in half of the patients with no previous diagnosis of dyslipidemia.

Keywords:
Rheumatoid arthritis
Comorbidity
Cardiovascular risk factors
Framingham study
Obesity
Resumen
Objetivo

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y las comorbilidades en una cohorte de pacientes mestizos mexicanos con artritis reumatoide (AR).

Métodos

Se realizó un estudio observacional y transversal que incluyó a la cohorte de AR de nuestra clínica preventiva de cardio-reumatología en un hospital universitario. La cohorte incluyó pacientes de 40 a 75 años, que cumplían los criterios de clasificación ACR/EULAR para AR, los pacientes fueron reclutados desde agosto de 2014 hasta julio de 2023. Los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y las comorbilidades se definieron como un diagnóstico incluido en la historia clínica del paciente o el uso de tratamiento para estas condiciones.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 523 pacientes con AR; la mayoría eran mujeres (92,3%). La mediana de edad era de 55 (48,9-61,0) años. Los factores de riesgo cardiovascular más prevalentes fueron el sobrepeso (219, 42,0%), la obesidad (157, 32,0%), la dislipidemia (165, 31,5%) y la hipertensión (164, 31,3%). También se detectó que el 12,1% de los pacientes sin diagnóstico de hipertensión presentaban presión arterial elevada, la hiperglucemia se registró en el 17,2%, y las alteraciones del perfil lipídico estaban presentes en el 70,6% de los pacientes, sin diagnóstico previo de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y dislipemia, respectivamente.

Conclusiones

Los factores de riesgo cardiovascular son prevalentes en los pacientes con artritis reumatoide. El sobrepeso, la obesidad y la dislipidemia fueron los factores de riesgo cardiovascular más prevalentes en nuestra cohorte. Se observaron alteraciones del perfil lipídico en la mitad de los pacientes sin diagnóstico previo de dislipidemia.

Palabras clave:
Artritis reumatoide
Comorbilidades
Factores de riesgo cardiovascular
Estudio Framingham
Obesidad

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