Article information
Abstract
Dermatomyositis is a form of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy that involves skeletal muscle and skin. The objectives of this review are to briefly describe the cutaneous manifestations of the disease, to raise some questions still debated about amyopathic dermatomyositis, and to reflect current knowledge of an interesting aspect in dermatomyositis as it is the risk to develop malignancy. Although clear evidence for a significant dermatomyositis-cancer association exists, optimal clinical or biological factors that predict an association with cancer have not been identified. Recently, some specific autoantibodies in dermatomyositis have been shown to be associated with internal malignancy. They open up the possibility to have available serological markers for detecting cancer-associated myositis in the near future.
Keywords:
Cutaneous lesions
Amyopathic dermatomyositis
Malignancy-associated myositis
Myositis-specific autoantibodies
Resumen
La dermatomiositis es un tipo de miopatía inflamatoria idiopática que afecta al músculo esquelético y a la piel. Los objetivos de esta revisión son, en primer lugar, dar una pincelada breve sobre las manifestaciones cutáneas de la enfermedad para los que no estén tan familiarizados con éstas; en segundo lugar, plantear algunas cuestiones aún debatidas sobre la dermatomiositis amiopática, y, en tercer lugar, revisar un aspecto muy interesante como es el de la dermatomiositis y el riesgo de desarrollo de neoplasia. Respecto a este último punto, está claro que los pacientes con dermatomiositis tienen un mayor riesgo de desarrollo de una neoplasia y si bien no hay marcadores clínicos o biológicos claros de la presencia de ésta, es posible que en un futuro próximo se pueda disponer de autoanticuerpos que puedan desempeñar este importante papel.
Palabras clave:
Lesiones cutáneas
Dermatomiositis amiopática
Neoplasia asociada a miositis
Anticuerpos específicos de miositis
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