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The majority of these questionnaires have been developed in English-speaking countries&#44; which causes inconvenience when they are to be used in countries with different languages or cultures&#46; An appropriate cross-cultural adaptation<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;4</span></a> is necessary for them to be applied to patients of a different culture &#40;a more complex process than simple translation&#41; and validation of the scale&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> i&#46;e&#46; their reliability and validity must be established in the new linguistic groups in which they are to be applied&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> After Mandarin Chinese&#44; Spanish is the second most spoken language in the world&#44; with a broad geographical reach&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> both in countries which use it as an official language and those where it is used by immigrants residing in countries with different maternal languages&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In 2013 a review was made of questionnaires adapted into Spanish for patients with cervical and lumbar pain&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> but we have found no similar reviews for hip disabilities&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The aim of this article was to become acquainted with the cross-cultural adaptations of hip-specific patient-reported outcome measures in Spanish&#44; with additional analysis of the methodological quality of the cross-cultural adaptation process and the psychometric properties of the new version obtained as a result&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Material and Methods</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Search Strategy</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A systematic review of published articles on all cross-cultural adaptations of hip-specific patient-reported outcome measures in Spanish was carried out&#46; We performed a bibliographic search from inception up to June 2016&#44; in the electronic data bases MEDLINE &#40;1966&#8211;2016&#41;&#44; EMBASE &#40;1974&#8211;2016&#41;&#44; CINAHL &#40;1977&#8211;2016&#41; and Web of Science &#40;1900&#8211;2016&#41;&#46; The terms used and search strategy in MEDLINE used were as follows&#58; &#8220;Outcome&#8221; or &#8220;Questionnaire&#8221; or &#8220;Assessment&#8221; or &#8220;Instruments&#8221; and &#8220;Hip&#8221; or &#8220;Lower limb&#8221; and &#8220;Spanish&#8221; or &#8220;Spanish version&#8221; or &#8220;Spanish validation&#8221; or &#8220;Spanish translation&#8221; or &#8220;Cross-cultural adaptation&#8221; or &#8220;Cross-cultural validation&#8221;&#46; We also made a manual search using the names of the different hip scales as key words in the different data bases&#46; A web search was also made which included Google Scholar&#44; in order to cover a different type of publication&#46; Finally&#44; we manually examined the references of the articles obtained&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a> shows the selection of included studies&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Selection Criteria</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">For each article found&#44; two of the authors reviewed the title and the abstract&#46; If these suggested that they could be selected&#44; a complete reading of the article was made&#46; We included articles without any language restriction on studies which described the cross-cultural adaptation into Spanish of self-completion questionnaires for functional assessment of patients with hip disabilities and which also analysed the psychometric properties of the new version&#46; Articles which only analysed the properties of a previously adapted questionnaire&#44; research protocols or congress summaries were excluded&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Information Analysis</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Two authors structured and analysed the manuscript results from the selected articles&#46; Where discrepancy arose consensus was sought and when necessary a third reviewer became involved&#46; The information analysis included&#58;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;a&#41;</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Participant traits</span>&#46; Patient data forming part of the study were collected&#58; country and locality&#44; total number of patients included&#44; diagnosis&#44; age and gender&#46; We confirmed that at least 50 patients were included&#44; the minimum recommended number for cross-cultural adaptation studies&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span></a></p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;b&#41;</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Assessment of cross-cultural adaptation</span>&#46; We confirmed whether this coincided with the 5 standard recommended steps in international references<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;9&#44;10</span></a> and if they had been followed appropriately&#46; The five steps are&#58; &#40;1&#41; direct translation of the original questionnaire into Spanish &#40;made independently by at least two bilingual translators&#41;&#59; &#40;2&#41; summary of translations and resolution of possible discrepancies&#59; &#40;3&#41; inverse or retro-translation &#40;of the consensual translation into Spanish back into the original language&#44; by at least two independent translators&#44; who were not aware of this said version&#41;&#59; &#40;4&#41; review by a committee of experts for the development of the pre-final version&#44; with assurance of semantic&#44; idiomatic and conceptual equivalence of the scale and &#40;5&#41; pilot test &#40;pre-test&#41; of the pre-final questionnaire with Spanish speaking subjects &#40;recommendations are to do this with 30&#8211;40 people&#41;&#44; searching for unanswered items and possible comprehension problems&#46; Each step was considered positive &#40;&#43;&#41; when the procedure was correctly implemented&#59; doubtful &#40;&#63;&#41; when the description was unclear&#59; negative &#40;&#8211;&#41; when it was correctly implemented but with an insufficient number of translators&#47;patients&#44; or zero &#40;0&#41; when information was insufficient to assess each step&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;c&#41;</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Assessment of psychometric properties</span>&#46; The following aspects were analysed&#58; reliability&#44; validity and sensitivity to clinical changes&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;10&#8211;14</span></a> Reliability was measured using 3 parameters&#58; &#40;a&#41; internal consistency&#44; to determine the stability of the scores between the different elements which compose a scale &#8212;a measure of homogeneity&#8212;through Cronbach&#39;s alpha test with sufficient alpha values being considered above 0&#46;7&#8211;0&#46;8&#59; &#40;b&#41; the reproducibility test-retest or appropriate time interval &#8212;temporary stability&#8212;measured with the intraclass correlation coefficient &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ICC</span>&#41; with adequate values considered to be above 0&#46;8&#44; and &#40;c&#41; the degree of agreement measured by the standard error of the mean &#40;SEM&#41; and the minimum detectable change &#40;MDC&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Validity was measured using two parameters&#58; &#40;a&#41; The Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients&#44; with values ranging between &#8211;1 and &#43;1&#46; The value 0 indicates that there is no lineal association between the 2 study variables&#59; &#40;b&#41; the floor and ceiling effects which appear when over 15&#37; of respondents give the highest total scores &#40;ceiling&#41; or the lowest score possible &#40;floor&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sensitivity to clinical changes is the ability of the tool to detect clinically important changes over time&#46; These are mostly measured through the size effect &#40;SE&#41; and the standardised response mean &#40;SRM&#41;&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0020"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;d&#41;</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Assessment of the applicability in different Spanish speaking countries</span>&#46; We analysed whether the adaptations made in Latin American countries needed any modifications to be able to be used in Spain&#44; and vice versa&#46;</p></li></ul></p></span></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Results</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We identified 8 relevant articles&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#8211;22</span></a> which described 8 self-completion questionnaires cross-culturally adapted to the Spanish population and the clinimetric properties of which had been studied in the new version&#46; Three questionnaires were applicable to any lower limb disability&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lower Limb Functional Index</span> &#40;LLFI&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lower Extremity Functional Scale</span> &#40;LEFS&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> and the questionnaire <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Arthrose des Membres Inf&#233;rieurs et Qualit&#233; de vie</span> &#40;AMICAL&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> Three questionnaires were applicable to knee and hip disabilities&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis</span> &#40;WOMAC&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">index</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life</span> &#40;OAKHQOL&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hip and Knee Questionnaire</span> &#40;HKQ&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0305"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> Lastly&#44; there were 2 specific hip questionnaires&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hip Outcome Score</span> &#40;HOS&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> and the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">International Hip Outcome Tool-33</span> &#40;iHOT-33&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a></p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In all cases the original questionnaire had been created in English&#44; save in 2&#58; AMICAL<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> and OAKHQOL&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> designed in French&#46; Our search was not able to locate any questionnaires which had been originally designed in Spanish&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a> lists the demographic and clinical characteristics of the population in which each of the studies was carried out&#46; The adapted scale&#44; together with instruction for the patient&#44; was included in the publication in all cases except for 2 questionnaires&#58; WOMAC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> and iHOT-33&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The majority of articles were published very recently&#46; One of the adaptations was published in 2015<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> and 5 in 2014&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#8211;17&#44;19&#44;21</span></a> The initial scale adapted into Spanish was the WOMAC&#44; in 2004&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> This scale was adapted into Spanish for the first time in 1999&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> but did not then include the study of psychometric properties and was therefore excluded from our article selection&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All the questionnaires were validated in Spain&#44; except one<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> which was validated in Mexico&#46; The number of patients was higher than the recommended 50 for this study type in all adaptations&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In general&#44; the cross-cultural adaptation process of all scales required some minor modifications with respect to the original version&#46; The main findings from assessment of the methodology used for cross-cultural adaptation are analysed in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#46; Five questionnaires rigorously complied with the 5 steps of recommendations from international guidelines&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;17&#44;19&#44;21&#44;22</span></a> the remainder were less strict in this regard&#46; The pilot test was conducted in 6 scales&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#8211;22</span></a> but only 2<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;22</span></a> did so with 30 patients&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The main psychometric properties analysed in the Spanish versions are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>&#46; No study assessed all the metric properties of the new version&#44; In general&#44; the authors&#8217; conclusion regarding each of the adaptations made was that the psychometric properties assessed were acceptable and comparable with those of the original versions and other versions adapted into other languages&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Regarding reliability&#44; internal consistency was assessed in all scales&#46; For test-retest reproducibility only in four was time between scales specified<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;18&#44;21&#44;22</span></a> and of these only in two<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;18</span></a> was the number of patients to whom it was applied mentioned&#46; One<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> of them surpassed the ideal number of over 29 patients recommended for this assessment&#46; The level of agreement was only analysed in two scales&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;22</span></a></p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Total internal consistency in all scales was above 0&#46;7&#8211;0&#46;8&#44; sufficient value to guarantee their reliability&#46; The ICC was very good in all cases&#46; The level of agreement was analysed in two questionnaires&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;22</span></a> Seijas et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> analysed the MDC which was 13&#46;7 for the daily life activities &#40;DLA&#41; subscale and 22&#46;8 for the sports subscales&#44; and the SEM was &#177;5&#46;1 in DLA and &#177;8&#46;5 for sports&#46; Ruiz-Ib&#225;n et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> calculated the MDC and SEM values as 12&#46;5 and 4&#46;66&#44; respectively&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Validity was assessed in all questionnaires&#46; This varied according to the tools of comparison but was generally appropriate&#46; The floor and ceiling effects were analysed in four questionnaires&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;20&#8211;22</span></a> with the ceiling effect being present in one<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> and the floor effect in another&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a></p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sensitivity was examined in only three scales&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;21&#44;22</span></a> In two of them only the SRM&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;22</span></a>was measured and only in one<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> were values for SE and SRM available&#44; which indicated great sensitivity in both cases&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the AMICAL<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> questionnaire the cross-cultural adaptation was carried out in a Latin American country &#40;Mexico&#41;&#46; There were no marked cultural differences to hinder the use of the questionnaire in Spain&#46; The introduction of minor changes in some of the words used enable usage&#46; For example&#44; the word &#8220;pesero&#8221; &#40;cab&#41; could be replaced with &#8220;autob&#250;s&#8221; &#40;bus&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Discussion</span><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our aim was to systematically review the self-completion questionnaires for hip disability adapted into Spanish by analysing the methodological quality of the cross-cultural adaptations and verifying the psychometric properties of the new version obtained&#46; Whilst reviewing we found eight questionnaires which had been adapted into Spanish&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#8211;22</span></a> In all cases the adaptation procedure had been accurately implemented&#44; following international recommendations<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#8211;5</span></a> and ensuring conceptual equivalence with the original version which had been designed in another language&#46; Maximum rigour was employed for five questionnaires&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;17&#44;19&#44;21&#44;22</span></a> The psychometric properties analysed were acceptable and were generally similar to those of the original version and to that of other versions of the scale adapted into other languages&#46; None of the studies assessed all possible psychometric properties but reliability and validity were analysed in all of the questionnaires in different ways&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">During the last few decades numerous scales for hip disabilities<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24&#8211;36</span></a> have been developed&#46; It is preferable to adapt an already existing questionnaire than create a new one&#44; always checking that the new version maintains the psychometric properties of the original&#46; Adaptation is a more economical process and the use of the same questionnaire makes it easier to make comparisons between different populations&#46; The seven questionnaires adapted into Spanish could easily be used in Latin American countries&#46; However&#44; in some cases it would be necessary to make a few minor changes to some of the words used to adapt them to local parlance in some countries&#46; The same applies to the adapted in Mexico<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> for its use in Spain or other Latin American AMICAL questionnaire countries&#46; The fact that in the majority of studies the participants were predominantly female&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#44;17&#8211;20</span></a> except in three&#44; does not appear to be an impediment for the questionnaires being used on males&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The eight questionnaires adapted into Spanish have different traits and the choice of one or the other would vary depending on needs and context&#44; which could be either clinical and&#47;or research&#46; To select which questionnaire to use both methodological criteria &#40;psychometric properties&#41; and different practical aspects would need to be considered&#44; such as the time needed to complete the questionnaires and give scores and their usefulness for certain disabilities and&#47;or certain patient groups&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Of the eight questionnaires identified in the review there were three for any lower limb disabilities &#40;LLFI&#44; LEFS y AMICAL&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#8211;17</span></a> another three for knee and&#47;or hip disabilities &#40;WOMAC&#44; OAKHQOL y HKQ&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#8211;20</span></a> and two exclusively for hip disabilities &#40;HOS y iHOT-33&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#44;22</span></a> The most common used on an international scale are LEFS and WOMAC&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The LEFS questionnaire contains 20 questions&#46; Unlike the WOMAC&#44; discrimination may be made between pain and physical function&#46; It is completed in 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min and scored in 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>s&#46; The LLFI questionnaire&#44; containing 25 items has not yet been used much as it is of very recent creation&#46; The AMICAL questionnaire is the only one to specifically assess the patient&#39;s quality of life with lower limb arthrosis&#46; Its drawback is that it contains 43 questions and the patient takes around 15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min to complete it&#46;</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The WOMAC questionnaire is the one most used internationally to assess the functional capacity of patients with knee and&#47;or hip arthrosis and to assess the efficacy of the results of conservative and surgical treatments&#46; It contains 24 items and the patient takes around 5&#8211;10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min to complete it&#46; Two shorter versions have been made&#44; with just 11 and 14 questions&#44; aimed at obtaining the same information as the original questionnaire but with a shorter administration time&#46; We verified that both versions in Spanish maintained the same psychometric properties as the 24 item version&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37&#8211;39</span></a> These new versions could be used in clinical practice and in research&#46; With regard to negative aspects&#44; the WOMAC scale does not assess aspects relating to quality of life and does not enable any discrimination between which joint is responsible in the case of hip and knee being simultaneously compromised&#46; Scores may be changed by the presence of back pain&#44; alterations in mood and other extra-articular disabilities&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a> The OAKHQOL questionnaire is very complete since it includes aspects relating to mental health&#44; social support&#44; personal relations&#44; sexual activity and professional life&#46; The high number of items they contain hinders their use in clinical practice&#46; The HKQ questionnaire consists of 16 questions&#46; Its validation into Spanish was made only in knee arthroplasties&#44; without including patients with hip disabilities&#46; This could be a drawback when applying it to this patient type&#46;</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The classic questionnaires designed to assess outcome in older patients with hip arthrosis are less useful in young and active patients with non-arthritic conditions and with greater functional demands&#46; Two adapted questionnaires are available for these patients&#46; The HOS questionnaire contains 28 items and specifically assesses functional aspects&#46; In a recent meta-analysis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0375"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> its use was recommended to assess the outcome after hip arthroscopy&#46; The iHOT-33 questionnaire&#44; unlike the HOS questionnaire&#44; assesses emotional&#44; social&#44; employment and lifestyle aspects&#46; There is a shorter version of 12 questions &#40;iHOT-12&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0410"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41</span></a> which could be more viable in clinical practice although it has not yet been validated into Spanish&#46;</p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The review is particularly relevant because six of the eight adaptations were published during the last two years&#46; As strengths of our review we may highlight&#44; firstly&#44; that both the rigour of the adaptation process of the questionnaire into Spanish and the psychometric properties analysed were examined by two authors&#46; Moreover&#44; the search process was exhaustive&#44; and it is therefore improbable that other published scales adapted into Spanish could be found&#46; Although we selected the most used data bases&#44; it is possible that some studies were not detected since some journals cannot be indexed in these data bases&#46;</p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To conclude&#44; there are eight available scales for measuring the functional limitation of the hip which were adapted into Spanish&#44; following international recommendations &#40;five with maximum rigour&#41;&#46; All had acceptable psychometric properties&#46; Most adaptations &#40;6 out of the 8&#41; had been published in the last two years &#40;from 2014&#41;&#46; Several had been designed for the older adult population and others for typical problems seen in younger patients &#40;mainly femoroacetabular impingement&#41;&#46; Several specifically focused on functional assessment &#40;shorter and simpler&#44; but valid for standard clinical practice&#41;&#44; whilst others covered multiple aspects &#40;emotional&#44; social&#44; employment&#44; etc&#46;&#41;&#44; which made them particularly suitable for evaluating complex cases or those with research objectives&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Ethical Liabilities</span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Protection of people and animals</span><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no experiments using human beings or animals have been carried out for this research study&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Data confidentiality</span><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare they have followed the protocols of their centre of work on patient data publication&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Right to privacy and informed consent</span><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no patient data appear in this article&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Conflict of Interests</span><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflict of interests to declare&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        10 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "References"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2016-09-05"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2017-01-26"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1042063"
          "palabras" => array:5 [
            0 => "Hip"
            1 => "Evaluation of results"
            2 => "Questionnaire"
            3 => "Cross-cultural adaptation"
            4 => "Spanish version"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "es" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1042064"
          "palabras" => array:5 [
            0 => "Cadera"
            1 => "Evaluaci&#243;n de resultados"
            2 => "Cuestionario"
            3 => "Adaptaci&#243;n transcultural"
            4 => "Versi&#243;n espa&#241;ola"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the quality of the transcultural adaptation procedure and the clinimetric properties of the self-administered hip-disability functional assessment questionnaires adapted for the Spanish population&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Material and method</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We searched the MEDLINE&#44; EMBASE&#44; CINAHL and Web of Science databases &#40;from inception until June 2016&#41; to locate all the scales adapted to Spanish and to analyse the different phases of the adaptation process and its psychometric properties&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Eight scales were identified&#44; and were grouped into three sections&#44; according to the type of diseases in which they can be used&#58; &#40;a&#41; lower limb&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lower Limb Functional Index</span> &#40;LLFI&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lower Extremity Functional Scale</span> &#40;LEFS&#41; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Arthrosis of Membres Inf&#233;rieurs et Qualit&#233; de vi</span>e &#40;AMICAL&#41;&#59; &#40;b&#41; knee and&#47;or hip&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis</span> &#40;WOMAC&#41; index&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life</span> &#40;OAKHQOL&#41; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hip and Knee Questionnaire</span> &#40;HKQ&#41;&#59; and &#40;c&#41; specific for hip&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hip Outcome Score</span> &#40;HOS&#41; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">International Hip Outcome Tool-33</span> &#40;iHOT-33&#41;&#46; The transcultural adaptation procedure was satisfactory in all cases&#44; albeit somewhat less rigorous for the HKQ and LLFI than for the remaining questionnaires&#46; No study evaluated all the psychometric properties&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We currently have eight hip-disability functional assessment questionnaires adapted to Spanish with satisfactory psychometric properties&#46; We can measure the patient&#39;s perceived impact of his or her hip disease by selecting&#44; among the different options&#44; those alternatives that best fit our clinical or research objectives&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0005"
            "titulo" => "Objective"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0010"
            "titulo" => "Material and method"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0015"
            "titulo" => "Results"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0020"
            "titulo" => "Conclusion"
          ]
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      ]
      "es" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Realizar una revisi&#243;n sistem&#225;tica de la calidad de los procedimientos de adaptaci&#243;n y de las propiedades psicom&#233;tricas de los cuestionarios autoadministrados de valoraci&#243;n funcional de cadera adaptados a la poblaci&#243;n espa&#241;ola&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Material y m&#233;todo</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se realiz&#243; una b&#250;squeda en las bases de datos MEDLINE&#44; EMBASE&#44; CINAHL y Web of Science &#40;desde su inicio hasta junio de 2016&#41; para localizar todas las escalas adaptadas al espa&#241;ol y analizar las diferentes fases del proceso de adaptaci&#243;n y sus propiedades psicom&#233;tricas&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se identificaron 8 escalas que se agruparon en 3 apartados&#44; seg&#250;n el tipo de patolog&#237;as en las que se pueden utilizar&#44; a&#41; todo el miembro inferior&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lower Limb Functional Index</span> &#40;LLFI&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lower Extremity Functional Scale</span> &#40;LEFS&#41; y <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Arthrose des Membres Inf&#233;rieurs et Qualit&#233; de vie</span> &#40;AMICAL&#41;&#59; b&#41; rodilla y&#47;o cadera&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis</span> &#40;WOMAC&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">index</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life</span> &#40;OAKHQOL&#41; y <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hip and Knee Questionnaire</span> &#40;HKQ&#41;&#44; y c&#41; exclusivas de cadera&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hip Outcome Score</span> &#40;HOS&#41; e <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">International Hip Outcome Tool-33</span> &#40;iHOT-33&#41;&#46; El procedimiento de adaptaci&#243;n transcultural fue aceptable en todos los casos&#44; aunque algo menos riguroso para las escalas HKQ y LLFI&#46; Ning&#250;n estudio evalu&#243; todas las propiedades psicom&#233;tricas&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusi&#243;n</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Disponemos actualmente de 8 cuestionarios de valoraci&#243;n funcional de cadera adaptados al espa&#241;ol con aceptables caracter&#237;sticas psicom&#233;tricas&#46; Podemos medir la repercusi&#243;n percibida por el paciente de su patolog&#237;a de cadera seleccionando&#44; entre las diferentes opciones&#44; aquellas alternativas que mejor se adapten a nuestros objetivos&#44; ya sean cl&#237;nicos o de investigaci&#243;n&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
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            "identificador" => "abst0025"
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            "titulo" => "Material y m&#233;todo"
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          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0035"
            "titulo" => "Resultados"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0040"
            "titulo" => "Conclusi&#243;n"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as&#58; G&#243;mez-Valero S&#44; Garc&#237;a-P&#233;rez F&#44; Fl&#243;rez-Garc&#237;a MT&#44; Miangolarra-Page JC&#46; Revisi&#243;n sistem&#225;tica de los cuestionarios autocumplimentados adaptados al espa&#241;ol para la valoraci&#243;n funcional de pacientes con patolog&#237;a de cadera&#46; Reumatol Cl&#237;n&#46; 2018&#59;14&#58;372&#8211;378&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
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        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
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        "figura" => array:1 [
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            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Flow diagram showing the selection of studies included&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:8 [
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        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">AMICAL&#44; Arthrose des Membres Inf&#233;rieurs et Qualit&#233; de vie&#59; SD&#44; standard deviation&#59; HKQ&#44; hip and knee questionnaire&#59; HOS&#44; hip outcome score&#59; IHOT-33&#44; international hip outcome tool-33&#59; LEFS&#44; lower extremity functional scale&#59; LLFI&#44; lower limb functional index&#59; OAKHQOL&#44; osteoarthritis knee and hip quality of life questionnaire&#59; WOMAC&#44; Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Scale&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Author&#44; year of adaptation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Country &#40;population&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total number of patients included&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Diagnosis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Age in years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Percentage of females &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">LLFI<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Cuesta-Vargas et al&#46;&#44; 2014&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Spain<br>&#40;Malaga&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">136&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Chronic disability &#40;&#62;12 weeks&#41; of lower limbs&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Mean&#58; 48 &#40;SD<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>19&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">54&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">LEFS<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Cruz-D&#237;az et al&#46;&#44; 2014&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Spain<br>&#40;Jaen&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">132&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Lower limb disability &#40;1&#46;5&#37; diagnosed with osteoarthritis&#59; 22&#37; muscular pain&#59; 9&#46;1&#37; ligament injury&#59; 23&#46;5&#37; meniscus cartilage injury&#59; 22&#8211;0&#37; patellofemoral pain&#59; 7&#46;6&#37; joint fracture&#44; muscular or soft tissue&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Mean&#58; 27&#46;11&#40;SD<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6&#46;22&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">44&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">AMICAL<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Espinosa-Cuervo et al&#46;&#44; 2014&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Mexico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">100&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Coxarthrosis radiological grade <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">II</span>-<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">III</span> from the Kellgren and Lawrence classification&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Mean&#58; 56&#46;34 &#40;SD<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">67&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">WOMAC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Villanueva et al&#46;&#44; 2004&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Spain<br>&#40;Seville&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">73&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Coxarthrosis &#40;at least grade <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">II</span> of the Kellgren and Lawrence classification&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Mean&#58; 58&#46;71<br>Range&#58; 35&#8211;73&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">89&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">OAKHQOL<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Gonz&#225;lez S&#225;enz de Tejada et al&#46;&#44; 2011&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Spain<br>&#40;Canary islands&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">409&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Coxarthrosis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Mean&#58; 71&#46;26 &#40;SD<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7&#46;71&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">63&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">HKQ<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0305"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Castellet et al&#46;&#44; 2014&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Spain<br>&#40;unspecified&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">316&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Coxarthrosis with referral for knee prosthesis before and after surgery&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8805;18&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">HOS<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Seijas et al&#46;&#44; 2014&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Spain<br>&#40;unspecified&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">100&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Mixed acetabular impingement &#40;37&#41;&#44; Cam &#40;26&#41; type impingement&#44; Cam &#43;labrum &#40;15&#41;&#44; T&#246;nnis <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">II</span> &#40;5&#41;&#44; T&#246;nnis <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">I</span> &#40;5&#41;&#44; pincer type impingement &#40;4&#41;&#44; labrum lesion &#40;3&#41;&#44; trochanteritis &#40;2&#41;&#44; Salter-Harris fracture sequelae &#40;1&#41;&#44; Perthes disease sequelae &#40;1&#41; and osteonecrosis &#40;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Mean&#58; 45&#46;1 &#40;SD<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>12&#46;1&#41;<br>Range&#58; 18&#8211;65&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">36&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">IHOT-33<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Ruiz-Ib&#225;n et al&#46;&#44; 2015&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Spain<br>&#40;unspecified&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">97&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Acetabular impingement &#40;78&#58; 65 mixed&#44; 11 Cam type&#44; 2 Pincer type&#41;&#44; arthrosis &#40;10&#41;&#44; gluteus medius condition &#40;3&#41;&#44; Perthes disease sequelae &#40;2&#41;&#44; Salter-Harris fracture sequelae &#40;2&#41;&#44; psoas tendinitis &#40;1&#41;&#44; congenital hip dysplasia &#40;1&#41; and osteonecrosis &#40;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Mean&#58; 43&#46;8 &#40;SD<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10&#46;9&#41;<br>Range&#58; 22&#8211;60&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">38&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#43;&#44; correctly implemented&#59;&#63;&#44; doubtful&#59; &#8211;&#44; incorrectly implemented or not implemented&#59; 0&#44; no information provided as to whether it was implemented or not&#59; AMICAL&#44; Arthrose des Membres Inf&#233;rieurs et Qualit&#233; de vie&#59; HKQ&#44; hip and knee questionnaire&#59; HOS&#44; hip outcome score&#59; IHOT-33&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">international hip outcome tool-33</span>&#59; LEFS&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">lower extremity functional scale</span>&#59; LLFI&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">lower limb functional index</span>&#59; OAKHQOL&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">osteoarthritis knee and hip quality of life questionnaire</span>&#59; WOMAC&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis</span>&#46;</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Scale&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Translation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Summary&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Inverse translation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Analysis by expert committee&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Pilot test &#40;number of patients&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">LLFI<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">LEFS<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">AMICAL<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43; &#40;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">WOMAC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43; &#40;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">OAKHQOL<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43; &#40;17&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">HKQ<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0305"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43; &#40;20&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">HOS<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43; &#40;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">IHOT-33<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43; &#40;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The negative values of the correlation coefficients indicate inverse correlation&#46;</p><p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">AMICAL&#44; Arthrose des Membres Inf&#233;rieurs et Qualit&#233; de vie&#59; DLA&#44; daily life activities&#59; EQ-5D-3L&#44; European Health Questionnaire 5 Dimensions 3 Levels&#59; VAS&#44; visual analogue scale&#59; HKQ&#44; hip and knee questionnaire&#59; HOS&#44; hip outcome score&#59; CI&#44; confidence interval&#59; ICC&#44; intraclass correlation coefficient&#59; IHOT-33&#44; international hip outcome tool-33&#59; LEFS&#58; lower extremity functional scale&#59; LLFI&#44; lower limb functional index&#59; OAKHQOL&#44; osteoarthritis knee and hip quality of life questionnaire&#59; PCS&#44; physical component summary&#59; SRM&#44; standard response mean&#59; SF-36&#44; short form 36 health survey&#59; SE&#44; size effect&#59; WOMAC&#44; Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis&#46;</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="table-head ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Scale&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Internal consistency &#40;Cronbach&#39;s &#945;&#41; total&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Test-retest reproducibility&#58; number of participants &#40;time between the two assessments&#41;<br>ICC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Tool of comparison&#58; validity &#40;correlation coefficient&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Ceiling&#47;floor effects&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sensitivity</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">SE&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">SRM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">LLFI<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#46;91&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;<br>0&#46;96 &#40;Range 0&#46;93&#8211;0&#46;97&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">WOMAC&#58; strong &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;77&#41;<br>EQ-5D-3L&#58; fairly and inversely correlated &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8211;0&#46;62&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">LEFS<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#46;98&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;<br>0&#46;998 &#40;CI 95&#37;&#58; 0&#46;996&#8211;0&#46;999&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">SF-36&#58; functionality &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;896&#41;&#59; physical role &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;800&#41;&#59; emotional role &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;504&#41;&#59; social &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;764&#41;&#59; mental health &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;744&#41;&#59; vitality &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;760&#41;&#59; pain &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;903&#41;&#59; general health &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;657&#41;&#59; physical component<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;902&#41;&#59; mental component &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;824&#41;&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&#47;No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">AMICAL<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#46;946&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">65 &#40;72<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#41;<br>0&#46;979 &#40;CI 95&#37;&#58; 0&#46;961&#8211;0&#46;991&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">WOMAC&#58; VAS &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;737&#41;&#59; functional ability &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;831&#41;&#59; pain &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8211;0&#46;742&#41;&#59; stiffness &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8211;0&#46;649&#41;&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;05<br>SF-36&#58; physical activity &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;709&#41;&#59; physical role &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;678&#41;&#59;mental health &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;705&#41;&#59; general health &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;506&#41;&#59; emotional role &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;432&#41;&#46; In other domains&#44; the correlations were low but significant&#58; pain &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;484&#41;&#59; social function &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;346&#41;&#59; social support &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;287&#41;&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">WOMAC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Subscale&#58;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Pain&#58; 0&#46;71&#8211;0&#46;97<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Function&#58; 0&#46;64&#8211;0&#46;95&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">17 &#40;72<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#41;<br>Subscale&#58;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Pain&#58; 0&#46;36&#8211;0&#46;76<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Function&#58; 0&#46;34&#8211;0&#46;52&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">WOMAC&#58; pain &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;27&#41;&#59; function &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;77&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">OAKHQOL<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Range 0&#46;60&#8211;0&#46;93&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;<br>Range 0&#46;75&#8211; 0&#46;81&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">SF-36&#58; moderately correlated with the physical domains &#40;physical function&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;58&#59; pain&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;64&#59; general health&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;41&#59; and PCS&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;59&#41;<br>WOMAC&#58; moderately correlated with the function &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span>&#61;&#8211;0&#46;80&#41; and pain &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8211;0&#46;69&#41;<br>EQ-5D&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">HKQ<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0305"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#46;864&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Not studied&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">WOMAC&#58; pain and functionality&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;641&#59; stiffness&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;533&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&#47;No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">HOS<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><br>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&#40;15 days&#41;<br>SubScale&#58;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>DLA&#58; &#46;95 &#40;IC 95&#37;&#58; &#46;92&#8211;&#46;97&#41;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Sport&#58; &#46;94 &#40;CI 95&#37;&#58; &#46;89&#8211;&#46;97&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">WOMAC&#58;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Subscale DLA&#58; pain &#40;r<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;699&#41;&#59; stiffness &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;667&#41;&#59; function &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;788&#41;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SubScale sport&#58; pain &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;607&#41;&#59; stiffness &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;499&#41;&#59; function &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;764&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&#47;yes &#40;for subScale sport&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Subscale&#58; DLA<br>&#8211;<br>Sport&#58;<br>&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><br><br>1&#46;53<br><br>1&#46;27&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">IHOT-33<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Global&#58; 0&#46;98<br>Subscale&#58;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Function&#58; 0&#46;97<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Sport&#58; 0&#46;94<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Work&#58; 0&#46;89<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Social&#58; 0&#46;94&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&#40;15 days<br>Global&#58; 0&#46;97 &#40;CI 95&#37;&#58; &#46;96&#8211;&#46;99&#41;<br>Subscale&#58;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Function&#58; 0&#46;95 &#40;CI 95&#37;&#58; &#46;92&#8211;&#46;98&#41;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Sport&#58; 0&#46;92 &#40;CI 95&#37;&#58; 0&#46;76&#8211;0&#46;98&#41;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Trabajo&#58; 0&#46;93 &#40;CI 95&#37;&#58;0&#46;83&#8211;0&#46;98&#41;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Social&#58; &#46;96 &#40;CI 95&#37;&#58; 0&#46;91&#8211;0&#46;98&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">WOMAC&#58;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Subscale functional&#58; pain &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;744&#41;&#59; stiffness &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;687&#41;&#59; function &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;79&#41;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Subscale sport&#58; pain &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;526&#41;&#59; stiffness &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;513&#41;&#59; function &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;536&#41;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Subscale work&#58; pain &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;581&#41;&#59; stiffness &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;544&#41;&#59; function &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;616&#41;<br><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Subscale social&#58; pain &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;653&#41;&#59; stiffness &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;574&#41;&#59; function &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;658&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yes&#47;No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;18&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Principal Psychometric Properties Analysed in the Adapted Questionnaires&#46;</p>"
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    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0015"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:41 [
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                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
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                        "fecha" => "1999"
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            1 => array:3 [
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            3 => array:3 [
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            4 => array:3 [
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