was read the article
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=> array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Editor</span>" "titulo" => "RS3PE Syndrome With Positive Rheumatoid Factor" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "e168" "paginaFinal" => "e169" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Síndrome RS3PE con factor reumatoide positivo" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Fernando Moreno Obregón, Matilde del Castillo Madrigal, Fernando Díaz Narváez, Francisco Javier Pérez Delgado" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Fernando" "apellidos" => "Moreno Obregón" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Matilde" "apellidos" => "del Castillo Madrigal" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Fernando" "apellidos" => "Díaz Narváez" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Francisco Javier" "apellidos" => 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=> array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1972 "Ancho" => 985 "Tamanyo" => 259352 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Appearance of pustular lesions, mainly located on the thenar eminences of both palms (A) and on the medial zone of the soles of the right (B) and left (<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">C</span>) feet, showing a tendency to converge and leaving wide zones of flaking and erythema on the hands.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Lourdes Villalobos-Sánchez, Carmen Larena-Grijalba, Adela Alía-Jiménez, Walter Alberto Sifuentes-Giraldo" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Lourdes" "apellidos" => "Villalobos-Sánchez" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Carmen" "apellidos" => "Larena-Grijalba" ] 2 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primary biliary cholangitis" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "saludo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">To the Editor</span>," "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "e166" "paginaFinal" => "e167" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Gokhan Sargin, Taskin Senturk, Songul Cildag" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Gokhan" "apellidos" => "Sargin" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "gokhan_sargin@hotmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Taskin" "apellidos" => "Senturk" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Songul" "apellidos" => "Cildag" ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "entidad" => "Adnan Menderes University Medical Faculty, Department of Rheumatology, Aydin, Turkey" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Terapia con Rituximab en artritis reumatoide y colangitis biliar primaria" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been reported to be 1.8% in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and mitochondrial antibodies (AMA) have been found in 10% of RA patients.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2</span></a> It was reported that T and B cells play an important role in the inflammatory process of both RA and PBC.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a> The potential therapeutic target is determined by the pathogenetic mechanism. We report a case series of patients with RA and PBC with good clinical response to rituximab.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The first case was a 61-year-old female with the diagnosis of RA and PBC. The serological tests were negative, except for rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) and AMA-M2. Serum lipids, glucose, renal function tests, parathyroid-thyroid hormones, viral markers and protein electrophoresis pattern were normal. Abdominal ultrasonography showed no pathology. She had a medical history of smoking and receiving ursodeoxycholic acid (15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/kg/day), methotrexate (MTX, 15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/week), hydroxychloroquine (200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/day) and methylprednisolone (4–8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/day). Due to high disease activity (DAS-28: 6.24) rituximab (1000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg IV every 2 weeks) was administered.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The second case was a 68-year-old female with the diagnosis of RA and PBC. She had medical history of using ursodeoxycholic acid (10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/kg/day), leflunomide (20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/day), hydroxychloroquine (200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/day) and prednisone (10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/day). She had a RF of 34.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>U/mL (3–18<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>IU/mL) and anti-CCP of 8.7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>U/mL (0–4.99<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>U/mL). AMA-M2 was positive and viral serology was negative. Abdominal ultrasonography showed no pathology. Due to exacerbation of arthritis and high disease activity, rituximab (1000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg IV every 2 weeks) was administered.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Changes in laboratory findings of 2 cases are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hepatic involvement is rare, and not common in RA. Hepatic abnormalities are generally associated with hepatotoxic drugs, viral hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,6</span></a> AMA, which have an important role in PBC pathogenesis, are useful indicators for liver diseases (PBC) in RA. B-cells, T-cells, and TNF-α have been implicated in the pathogenesis of PBC.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a> B-cells may contribute to pathogenesis with immunoglobulin production, bile ducts destruction and regulatory function. It suggests that B-cells and immunoglobulins are important and B-cell depletion may be a promising therapy for PBC.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a> Lazrak et al. reported combination therapy with MTX and rituximab in a 60-year-old RA and PBC patient.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> There was a good clinical response for RA, but abnormal liver function tests were found on the 5th month of therapy. Exacerbation and development of PBC with B cell depletion in mice was reported.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,9</span></a> Tsuda et al. reported 6 PBC patients treated with rituximab due to the suboptimal response to UDCA.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> The study showed that rituximab reduced B cells, AMA, alkaline phosphatase, IgG, IgM, and IgA. It has been reported the improvement in liver laboratory parameters with rituximab, but not the improvement in symptoms such as fatigue. According to Myers et al., the levels of ALP, IgM, and AMA were significantly decreased at 6 months of rituximab in patients with PBC and incomplete response to ursodeoxycholic acid.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> At 12 months of treatment, the fatigue was the same, and 60% of patients had a reduction in itching. We described 2 cases with RA and PBC who had a good clinical response to rituximab. The activity of both diseases and abnormal hepatic tests returned to normal levels after therapy. However, reduction in the progression of disease and cirrhosis is unclear.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Clinicians should be aware of hepatic diseases in patients with RA. It should be kept in mind that AMA is useful for the diagnosis of PBC in RA patients with abnormal hepatic tests. Rituximab was tolerable in RA patients with PBC. However, further studies in larger groups are needed to clarify its role and long-term efficacy in PBC.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">DAS-28, disease activity score-28; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, gammaglutamyltransferase.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Case 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Before rituximab \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">On the 6th month \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Case 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Before rituximab \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">On the 6th month \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">DAS-28</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.24 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.79 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">DAS-28</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.99 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.15 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; 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Year/Month | Html | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
2024 November | 3 | 6 | 9 |
2024 October | 36 | 37 | 73 |
2024 September | 25 | 11 | 36 |
2024 August | 33 | 34 | 67 |
2024 July | 33 | 26 | 59 |
2024 June | 27 | 20 | 47 |
2024 May | 37 | 30 | 67 |
2024 April | 31 | 15 | 46 |
2024 March | 29 | 32 | 61 |
2024 February | 34 | 20 | 54 |
2024 January | 21 | 20 | 41 |
2023 December | 21 | 24 | 45 |
2023 November | 30 | 20 | 50 |
2023 October | 26 | 21 | 47 |
2023 September | 75 | 37 | 112 |
2023 August | 28 | 13 | 41 |
2023 July | 26 | 20 | 46 |
2023 June | 29 | 25 | 54 |
2023 May | 42 | 20 | 62 |
2023 April | 21 | 9 | 30 |
2023 March | 46 | 27 | 73 |
2023 February | 38 | 22 | 60 |
2023 January | 43 | 10 | 53 |
2022 December | 51 | 18 | 69 |
2022 November | 48 | 19 | 67 |
2022 October | 54 | 32 | 86 |
2022 September | 38 | 23 | 61 |
2022 August | 50 | 38 | 88 |
2022 July | 34 | 36 | 70 |
2022 June | 28 | 25 | 53 |
2022 May | 31 | 35 | 66 |
2022 April | 39 | 41 | 80 |
2022 March | 29 | 38 | 67 |
2022 February | 31 | 19 | 50 |
2022 January | 57 | 28 | 85 |
2021 December | 31 | 39 | 70 |
2021 November | 27 | 38 | 65 |
2021 October | 44 | 32 | 76 |
2021 September | 29 | 40 | 69 |
2021 August | 26 | 37 | 63 |
2021 July | 17 | 19 | 36 |
2021 June | 13 | 25 | 38 |
2021 May | 25 | 42 | 67 |
2021 April | 70 | 77 | 147 |
2021 March | 26 | 22 | 48 |
2021 February | 15 | 11 | 26 |
2021 January | 17 | 21 | 38 |
2020 December | 15 | 12 | 27 |
2020 November | 17 | 13 | 30 |
2020 October | 17 | 9 | 26 |
2020 September | 25 | 16 | 41 |
2020 August | 15 | 18 | 33 |
2020 July | 15 | 14 | 29 |
2020 June | 8 | 4 | 12 |
2020 May | 18 | 13 | 31 |