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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Non-traumatic acute shoulder pain occupies an important place within emergency hospital visits&#44; accounting for about 7&#37; of all visits due to locomotor system problems&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Ultrasound scan is an extremely useful tool in the study of this complaint&#44; complementing the preparation of a correct clinical history and detailed physical examination&#44; permitting easily accessed confirmatory etiological identification with a precision comparable to that of magnetic resonance imaging&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In general terms the most frequent cause of chronic shoulder pain is tendon disease &#40;or tendinopathy&#41;&#46; This definition covers all disease that alters fibrous tendon architecture&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3</span></a> While partial and complete tendon tears are often found in elderly patients&#44; with or without fatty muscular degeneration&#44; tendinosis tends to be found more often in younger patients &#40;defined as the presence of changes in echogenicity in the fibrous structure or thickening of part or all of the tendon&#41;&#44; or partial tears that break the continuity of the fibres&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#8211;5</span></a> Structural changes&#44; fundamentally tendinous ones&#44; can be detected in patients with acute or chronic omalgia&#44; while in acute cases it is far more common to observe bursitis or bleeding in the biceps sheath&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> Nevertheless&#44; it is rare to encounter cases of acute shoulder pain in which the ultrasound scan of the shoulder is normal&#46; In our recent experience we have identified 10 cases of patients with acute omalgia and normal shoulder ultrasound scan results whose final diagnoses were especially alarming&#46; We believe it is relevant to report these cases due to their clinical importance &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Two patients&#44; both males aged 65 and 78 years old&#44; had visited due to shoulder pain with mechanical characteristics&#46; Both of them had been examined radiologically and they had received conservative treatment&#44; with rest and first level analgesics&#46; The 78-year-old male had asymmetry of the right supraclavicular triangle&#44; corresponding to the painful shoulder &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>A and B&#41;&#46; After a normal ultrasound scan of the shoulder&#44; both patients were found to have primary tumours of the lung&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 50-year-old Asiatic woman visited due to right shoulder pain&#46; The physical examination and ultrasound scan of the shoulder were both normal&#46; Given the lack of correspondence between the intensity of the symptoms and the normality of the ultrasound scan an X-ray was taken which showed right pneumothorax &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>C&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Two patients&#44; a 55-year-old man and a woman of the same age and both immunocompetent&#44; originally visited due to recent mechanical omalgia&#46; They were eventually diagnosed as cases of sternoclavicular septic arthritis&#46; Both cases were exhaustively described beforehand&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> A third patient&#44; a 48-year-old male&#44; with a history of infection by human immunodeficiency virus and in antiretroviral treatment had sternoclavicular septic arthritis 2 weeks after having commenced with ipsilateral omalgia that a week afterwards led to study of the shoulder by ultrasound scan that was reported as normal&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Three patients&#44; 2 men aged 40 and 22 years old&#44; and a woman aged 45 years old&#44; whose cases were described beforehand by our group&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> visited due to acute shoulder pain with major functional repercussion&#46; In all 3 cases the ultrasound scan report was normal&#46; After neurophysiological studies they were diagnosed with Parsonage&#8211;Turner syndrome &#40;PTS&#41;&#46; Recently&#44; a 60-year-old male patient who had recently received an anti-tetanus vaccination with immunoglobulin&#44; had the same symptoms with normal results of ultrasound scan of the shoulder&#46; The electrophysiological study was compatible with PTS&#46; In our accumulated experience from 2011 to 2017&#44; the volume of normal ultrasound scan reports corresponding to patients who visited the emergency department with acute shoulder pain &#40;arbitrarily considered to have evolved during less than 3 weeks&#44; due to the characteristics of the demand for care in our hospital&#41; represents about 7&#37; of all ultrasound explorations&#46; The 10 cases we describe in this letter represent approximately one third of our normal number of normal reports&#46; We believe that it is important to underline that in cases of acute omalgia&#44; after a detailed clinical history and meticulous physical examination&#44; that a normal ultrasound scan report should be followed by a broader diagnostic study&#44; given that some differential diagnoses of shoulder pain with normal ultrasound scan results require prompt therapeutic intervention&#46;</p></span>"
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Final diagnosis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Diagnostic medium&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">65&#44; male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Lung cancer&#44; small cell&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Radiology&#44; anatomopathology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">78&#44; male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Epidermoid lung carcinoma&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Radiology&#44; anatomopathology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">50&#44; female&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Spontaneous pneumothorax&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Radiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">55&#44; male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sternoclavicular septic arthritis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Microbiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">55&#44; female&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sternoclavicular septic arthritis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Microbiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">48&#44; male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sternoclavicular septic arthritis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Microbiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">40&#44; male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Parsonage&#8211;Turner syndrome&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Neurophysiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">22&#44; male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Parsonage&#8211;Turner syndrome&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Neurophysiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">45&#44; female&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Parsonage&#8211;Turner syndrome&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Neurophysiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">60&#44; male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Parsonage&#8211;Turner syndrome&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Neurophysiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab2436699.png"
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Summarised description of cases of shoulder pain with a normal ultrasound scan&#46;</p>"
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        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0015"
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            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0045"
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                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Prevalence of non-traumatic musculoskeletal pathology as main complaint and its impact in a emergency department"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Guill&#233;n Astete"
                            1 => "L&#46; Kaumi"
                            2 => "R&#46;M&#46; Tejada Sorados"
                            3 => "C&#46; Medina Qui&#241;ones"
                            4 => "J&#46;F&#46; Borja Serrati"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.semerg.2015.02.003"
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                        "tituloSerie" => "Semergen"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "42"
                        "paginaInicial" => "158"
                        "paginaFinal" => "163"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25843486"
                            "web" => "Medline"
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              "identificador" => "bib0050"
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              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Imaging of the shoulder&#58; a comparison of MRI and ultrasound"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "B&#46;D&#46; Levine"
                            1 => "K&#46; Motamedi"
                            2 => "L&#46;L&#46; Seeger"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1249/JSR.0b013e31826b6baa"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Curr Sports Med Rep"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "11"
                        "paginaInicial" => "239"
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                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22965346"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
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            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0055"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
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                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "THU0333 ultrasonographic characterization of the shoulder pain as reason for consultation in the Emergency Department of a Spanish Tertiary Center"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Guill&#233;n"
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                            2 => "W&#46; Giraldo"
                            3 => "S&#46; Garrote"
                            4 => "M&#46; Llop"
                            5 => "C&#46; Bouroncle"
                          ]
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                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Rheum Dis"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "73"
                        "numero" => "Suppl&#46; 2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "297"
                      ]
                    ]
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                      "titulo" => "Diagnostic performance and reliability of ultrasonography for fatty degeneration of the rotator cuff muscles"
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                          "etal" => true
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                            0 => "L&#46;B&#46; Wall"
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                            5 => "H&#46;M&#46; Kim"
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                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Bone Jt Surg Am"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "94"
                        "paginaInicial" => "e83"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
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                      "titulo" => "A prospective study of shoulder pain in primary care&#58; prevalence of imaged pathology and response to guided diagnostic blocks"
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                          "etal" => false
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                            2 => "W&#46;A&#46; Hing"
                            3 => "P&#46;J&#46; McNair"
                            4 => "M&#46;H&#46; Coates"
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                      "doi" => "10.1186/1471-2474-12-119"
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                        "tituloSerie" => "BMC Musculoskelet Disord"
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                        "volumen" => "12"
                        "paginaInicial" => "119"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21619663"
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Ultrasonographic clues for acuity&#47;chronicity of rotator cuff tear"
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                          "etal" => false
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                            0 => "S&#46; Artul"
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.5152/eurjrheum.2017.17047"
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                        "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Rheumatol"
                        "fecha" => "2017"
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                        "paginaInicial" => "260"
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                            "web" => "Medline"
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                      "titulo" => "Sternoclavicular septic arthritis&#58; a series of 5 cases and review of the literature"
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                          "etal" => true
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                            2 => "C&#46; de la Casa Resino"
                            3 => "M&#46; Carpena Zafrilla"
                            4 => "A&#46; Bra&#241;a Carde&#241;osa"
                            5 => "F&#46; Roldan Moll"
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.reuma.2014.03.002"
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                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "11"
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                0 => array:2 [
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                      "titulo" => "S&#237;ndrome de Parsonage-Turner&#58; Reporte de tres casos&#44; revisi&#243;n de la literatura y propuesta de algoritmo diagn&#243;stico"
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Letter to the Editor
Relevance of a normal ultrasound study in patients with non-traumatic acute shoulder pain
Importancia de la ecografía normal en pacientes con dolor agudo de hombro de origen no traumático
Carlos Antonio Guillen Astetea,
Corresponding author
cguillen.hrc@salud.madrid.org

Corresponding author.
, Veronica Garcia Garciaa, Monica Luque Alarconb
a Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
b Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Patients with acute shoulder pain and normal ultrasound scan results&#46; &#40;A&#41; Appearance of the supraclavicular regions of the male patient aged 78 years old&#44; clearly showing the asymmetry of the right supraclavicular triangle in comparison with the left one&#46; &#40;B&#41; Thoracic X-ray image of the same patient&#44; showing a pulmonary mass subsequently identified as epidermoid carcinoma&#46; &#40;C&#41; Posteroanterior X-ray image of a 50-year-old woman with acute shoulder pain&#44; showing a complete pneumothorax of the right hemithorax without mediastinal deviation&#46;</p>"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Non-traumatic acute shoulder pain occupies an important place within emergency hospital visits&#44; accounting for about 7&#37; of all visits due to locomotor system problems&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Ultrasound scan is an extremely useful tool in the study of this complaint&#44; complementing the preparation of a correct clinical history and detailed physical examination&#44; permitting easily accessed confirmatory etiological identification with a precision comparable to that of magnetic resonance imaging&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In general terms the most frequent cause of chronic shoulder pain is tendon disease &#40;or tendinopathy&#41;&#46; This definition covers all disease that alters fibrous tendon architecture&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3</span></a> While partial and complete tendon tears are often found in elderly patients&#44; with or without fatty muscular degeneration&#44; tendinosis tends to be found more often in younger patients &#40;defined as the presence of changes in echogenicity in the fibrous structure or thickening of part or all of the tendon&#41;&#44; or partial tears that break the continuity of the fibres&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#8211;5</span></a> Structural changes&#44; fundamentally tendinous ones&#44; can be detected in patients with acute or chronic omalgia&#44; while in acute cases it is far more common to observe bursitis or bleeding in the biceps sheath&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> Nevertheless&#44; it is rare to encounter cases of acute shoulder pain in which the ultrasound scan of the shoulder is normal&#46; In our recent experience we have identified 10 cases of patients with acute omalgia and normal shoulder ultrasound scan results whose final diagnoses were especially alarming&#46; We believe it is relevant to report these cases due to their clinical importance &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Two patients&#44; both males aged 65 and 78 years old&#44; had visited due to shoulder pain with mechanical characteristics&#46; Both of them had been examined radiologically and they had received conservative treatment&#44; with rest and first level analgesics&#46; The 78-year-old male had asymmetry of the right supraclavicular triangle&#44; corresponding to the painful shoulder &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>A and B&#41;&#46; After a normal ultrasound scan of the shoulder&#44; both patients were found to have primary tumours of the lung&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 50-year-old Asiatic woman visited due to right shoulder pain&#46; The physical examination and ultrasound scan of the shoulder were both normal&#46; Given the lack of correspondence between the intensity of the symptoms and the normality of the ultrasound scan an X-ray was taken which showed right pneumothorax &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>C&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Two patients&#44; a 55-year-old man and a woman of the same age and both immunocompetent&#44; originally visited due to recent mechanical omalgia&#46; They were eventually diagnosed as cases of sternoclavicular septic arthritis&#46; Both cases were exhaustively described beforehand&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> A third patient&#44; a 48-year-old male&#44; with a history of infection by human immunodeficiency virus and in antiretroviral treatment had sternoclavicular septic arthritis 2 weeks after having commenced with ipsilateral omalgia that a week afterwards led to study of the shoulder by ultrasound scan that was reported as normal&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Three patients&#44; 2 men aged 40 and 22 years old&#44; and a woman aged 45 years old&#44; whose cases were described beforehand by our group&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> visited due to acute shoulder pain with major functional repercussion&#46; In all 3 cases the ultrasound scan report was normal&#46; After neurophysiological studies they were diagnosed with Parsonage&#8211;Turner syndrome &#40;PTS&#41;&#46; Recently&#44; a 60-year-old male patient who had recently received an anti-tetanus vaccination with immunoglobulin&#44; had the same symptoms with normal results of ultrasound scan of the shoulder&#46; The electrophysiological study was compatible with PTS&#46; In our accumulated experience from 2011 to 2017&#44; the volume of normal ultrasound scan reports corresponding to patients who visited the emergency department with acute shoulder pain &#40;arbitrarily considered to have evolved during less than 3 weeks&#44; due to the characteristics of the demand for care in our hospital&#41; represents about 7&#37; of all ultrasound explorations&#46; The 10 cases we describe in this letter represent approximately one third of our normal number of normal reports&#46; We believe that it is important to underline that in cases of acute omalgia&#44; after a detailed clinical history and meticulous physical examination&#44; that a normal ultrasound scan report should be followed by a broader diagnostic study&#44; given that some differential diagnoses of shoulder pain with normal ultrasound scan results require prompt therapeutic intervention&#46;</p></span>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Patients with acute shoulder pain and normal ultrasound scan results&#46; &#40;A&#41; Appearance of the supraclavicular regions of the male patient aged 78 years old&#44; clearly showing the asymmetry of the right supraclavicular triangle in comparison with the left one&#46; &#40;B&#41; Thoracic X-ray image of the same patient&#44; showing a pulmonary mass subsequently identified as epidermoid carcinoma&#46; &#40;C&#41; Posteroanterior X-ray image of a 50-year-old woman with acute shoulder pain&#44; showing a complete pneumothorax of the right hemithorax without mediastinal deviation&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Age &#40;years&#41;&#44; sex&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">65&#44; male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Lung cancer&#44; small cell&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Radiology&#44; anatomopathology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">78&#44; male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Epidermoid lung carcinoma&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Radiology&#44; anatomopathology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">50&#44; female&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Spontaneous pneumothorax&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Radiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">55&#44; male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sternoclavicular septic arthritis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Microbiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">55&#44; female&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sternoclavicular septic arthritis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Microbiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">48&#44; male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sternoclavicular septic arthritis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Microbiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">40&#44; male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Parsonage&#8211;Turner syndrome&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Neurophysiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">22&#44; male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Parsonage&#8211;Turner syndrome&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Neurophysiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">45&#44; female&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Parsonage&#8211;Turner syndrome&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Neurophysiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">60&#44; male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Parsonage&#8211;Turner syndrome&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Neurophysiology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  """
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                        "tituloSerie" => "BMC Musculoskelet Disord"
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                        "paginaInicial" => "119"
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                      "doi" => "10.5152/eurjrheum.2017.17047"
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                        "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Rheumatol"
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                        "paginaInicial" => "260"
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Article information
ISSN: 21735743
Original language: English
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Idiomas
Reumatología Clínica (English Edition)
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