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"descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Axial (A) and sagittal (B) CT images of the patient's cervical spine, representing calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals deposition around the odontoid process of C2 (red arrows).</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Daniela Oliveira, Carlos Vaz" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Daniela" "apellidos" => "Oliveira" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Carlos" "apellidos" => "Vaz" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173574322001423?idApp=UINPBA00004M" "url" => "/21735743/0000001800000008/v1_202210070758/S2173574322001423/v1_202210070758/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Editor</span>" "titulo" => "Metric studies of the compliance questionnaire on rheumatology (CQR): A case of validity induction?" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "saludo" => "Dear Editor," "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "497" "paginaFinal" => "498" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "César Merino-Soto, Marisol Angulo-Ramos" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "César" "apellidos" => "Merino-Soto" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Marisol" "apellidos" => "Angulo-Ramos" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "noa_c22@yahoo.es" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Universidad Católica Los Ángeles de Chimbote, Chimbote, Peru" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Estudios métricos del <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Compliance Questionnaire on Rheumatology</span> (CQR): ¿un caso de inducción de la validez?" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This letter highlights several issues in the literature regarding the metric properties of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Compliance Questionnaire on Rheumatology</span> (CQR),<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> which demonstrate a strong essential weakness of the studies that use them, together with conclusions extracted from them. The CQR is possibly one of the adherence measures that is being incorporated into most frequently into studies. In a recent bibliographic review,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> 5 out of the 9 selected studies used it. Furthermore, recommendation 16 of the Spanish Rheumatology Society,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> suggests developing validation studies for treatment adherence measures with methotrexate (MTX), and shows that the CQR is the only validated method.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the CQR<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4–9</span></a> validation literature it may be determined that highly frequent types of specific evidence validity refer to patient classification, and the convergent and divergent relationship with other criteria. However, the less used, more ignored method is that of internal structure validity – i.e. the scalability of the CQR which analyses the item-score relationships to define the configuration of the total scoring. Only 2 replication studies have researched their internal structure,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6,10</span></a> and in them the single dimensionality of the CQE was not corroborated. In other words, the 19 items were not grouped into a single statistical dimension.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This implies 3 things: firstly, that there was no empirical justification to use a single score derived from the simple or weighted sum of the items. Second, some equivalence problems of the CQR compared with other similar measures may be caused by this problem of scalability (see Marras et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>). Third, the situation seems to describe <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">validity induction,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> which occurs when the validity affirmation is supported by a tool using 1) studies from other cultural contexts (for example, citing the original study<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> or another made in another country, with a different type of participant, and/or clinical situation), 2) selecting the type of irrelevant evidence (for example, declaring that Cronbach’s alpha reliability indicates the validity of the scoring) or 3) exchanging specific validity evidence (for example, inferring that the predictive capacity of the CQR is proof of satisfaction with treatment or with the validity in general.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">For the latter implication, although it has been recognised that the CQR obtains appropriate levels of prediction in studies with patients who suffer from arthritis and has acceptable levels of reliability, this evidence is not exchangeable with the evidence required to demonstrate that the total score may be interpreted as a unit. In any described situation, the evidence of inducing validity is the omission of analysing the CQR scalability to uphold the interpretation of a single score.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">How can the use of a single score be justified if the empirical evidence that must uphold it is missing or questionable? Can the studies which question the single dimensionality of the CQR<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6,10</span></a> be taken into account? The strongest outcomes to date on the internal structure or scalability of the CQR do not guarantee that a single score be used, unless they reduce the number of items<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a>; another option of interpretation is to accept the multidimensionality of the CQR,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> and that the rheumatologist must assess whether they wish to use it in this way or not.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We conclude that, due to the apparent inconsistency in the factorial CQR structure, studies with the CQR must include corroboration of their internal structure, take advantage of current validation recommendations,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> and highlight any international collaborations within them.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Merino-Soto C, Angulo-Ramos M. Estudios métricos del <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Compliance Questionnaire on Rheumatology</span> (CQR): ¿un caso de inducción de la validez? Reumatol Clín. 2022;18:497–498.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:12 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Development of a questionnaire to investigate patient compliance with antirheumatic drug therapy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "E. 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Year/Month | Html | Total | |
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2024 October | 18 | 19 | 37 |
2024 September | 31 | 27 | 58 |
2024 August | 53 | 55 | 108 |
2024 July | 42 | 26 | 68 |
2024 June | 40 | 29 | 69 |
2024 May | 48 | 25 | 73 |
2024 April | 44 | 507 | 551 |
2024 March | 45 | 31 | 76 |
2024 February | 42 | 20 | 62 |
2024 January | 59 | 25 | 84 |
2023 December | 36 | 20 | 56 |
2023 November | 63 | 26 | 89 |
2023 October | 88 | 30 | 118 |
2023 September | 89 | 46 | 135 |
2023 August | 67 | 15 | 82 |
2023 July | 50 | 26 | 76 |
2023 June | 60 | 27 | 87 |
2023 May | 63 | 24 | 87 |
2023 April | 37 | 21 | 58 |
2023 March | 9 | 5 | 14 |
2022 November | 1 | 0 | 1 |