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Original Article
Available online 25 February 2025
Prevalence of hidradenitis suppurativa in patients with axial spondyloarthritis
Prevalencia de hidrosadenitis supurativa en pacientes con espondiloartritis axial
Laura Farran Ortegaa,
Corresponding author
laurafarran27@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Rosa Fornons-Serventb, Joan Miquel Nollac, Xavier Juanola Rourac
a Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital de Palamós, Palamós, Girona, Spain
b Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
c Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
Received 26 June 2024. Accepted 12 December 2024
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Screening questions for the diagnosis of HS.
Table 2. Characteristics of patients diagnosed with hidradenitis suppurativa.
Table 3. Intergroup comparison on the basis of HS diagnosis.
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Abstract
Objectives

To determine the prevalence of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) and to describe clinical, laboratory, and radiographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with HS.

Patients and methods

We performed a cross-sectional study of a cohort of 265 patients with AxSpA in follow-up at a tertiary hospital. Patients were screened for HS using a questionnaire, with subsequent diagnostic confirmation by a dermatologist. We collected demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiographic data. Patients were classified by diagnosis of HS. A descriptive analysis and comparison were performed for both groups.

Results

A total of 148 of the 265 patients (55.8%) completed the screening questionnaire. Screening was positive in 9 patients (6.1%), although the diagnosis of HS was confirmed in only 4 (2.7%). Three patients were diagnosed during the study, with a mean diagnostic delay of 14.25 years. All the patients had mild HS (Hurley stage I). When patients with and without HS were compared, the HS group had more smokers (75% vs 18%; p = 0.005), greater disease activity according to BASDAI (5.6 ± 2.3 vs 3.2 ± 2.1; p = 0.026), less structural damage according to the axial BASRI (1.5 ± 1.3 vs 5.5 ± 3.5; p < 0.018) and shorter time since diagnosis of AxSpA (14.7 ± 2.6 vs 27.8 ± 13.5 years; p = 0.001). No significant differences were found for the remaining variables studied.

Conclusion

This study suggests that prevalence of HS in patients with axSpA is higher than the one observed in general population. The knowledge of this association should encourage clinicians to inquire about symptoms of HS and actively search for lesions.

Keywords:
Axial spondyloarthritis
Spondylarthritis
Hidradenitis suppurativa
Prevalence
Resumen
Objetivos

Determinar la prevalencia de hidrosadenitis supurativa (HS) en pacientes con espondiloartritis axial (EspAax) y describir las características clínicas, analíticas y radiográficas de los pacientes con HS.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio transversal y unicéntrico de una cohorte de 265 pacientes con EspAax en seguimiento en una consulta monográfica de un hospital de tercer nivel. Se realizó un cribado de HS mediante cuestionario con posterior confirmación diagnóstica por Dermatología. Se recogieron variables demográficas, clínicas, analíticas y radiográficas. Los pacientes fueron clasificados según diagnóstico de HS y se realizó un análisis descriptivo y comparativo de ambos grupos.

Resultados

Un total de 148 de los 265 pacientes (55,8%) fueron incluidos en el estudio. De los 9 pacientes (6,1%) con cribado positivo, en 4 (2,7%) se confirmó el diagnóstico de HS. Tres pacientes fueron diagnosticados durante este estudio y la demora diagnóstica media fue de 14,25 años. Todos los pacientes presentaban una HS leve (estadio Hurley I). Al comparar ambos grupos, se observó, en el grupo de HS, un mayor porcentaje de fumadores (75% vs 18%; p = 0,005), mayor actividad medida por BASDAI (5,6 ± 2,3 vs 3,2 ± 2,1; p = 0,026), menor daño estructural medido por BASRI axial (1,5 ± 1,3 vs 5,5 ± 3,5; p < 0,018) y menor tiempo de evolución de la EspAax (14,7 ± 2,6 vs 27,8 ± 13,5 años; p = 0,001). No se encontraron diferencias en el resto de las variables estudiadas.

Conclusión

Este estudio indica que la prevalencia de HS en pacientes con EspAax es mayor a la observada en población general. El conocimiento de esta asociación debería fomentar la búsqueda activa de síntomas y lesiones por parte del clínico.

Palabras clave:
Espondiloartritis axial
Espondiloartritis
Hidrosadenitis supurativa
Prevalencia

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