Revisión sistemática: ozonoterapia en enfermedades reumáticas

Carmona, Loreto

doi:10.1016/S1699-258X(06)73032-7

Información del artículo

Objetivo

Analizar, mediante una revisión sistemática, la eficacia sobre la que se basa el uso de la ozonoterapia en las enfermedades osteomusculares.

Métodos

Se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed, Embase y Cochrane Library utilizando descriptores muy sensibles para poder captar todos los estudios de ozonoterapia. Se seleccionaron todos los estudios en los que se mostrara la eficacia o efectividad de la ozonoterapia en cualquier enfermedad osteomuscular.

Resultados

Sólo se identificaron 6 estudios relacionados, 5 en hernia discal y 1 en síndrome Raynaud. De los 5 estudios en hernia discal, sólo 3 eran ensayos clínicos, y en ninguno la asignación al grupo de estudio era aleatoria. Los participantes de los estudios eran en general pacientes con hernia discal sintomática no muy grande. Existe una gran variabilidad en las dosis de ozono inyectadas, así como en los controles frente a los que se comparan. Las medidas de desenlace son todas subjetivas y no existe evaluación ciega de los resultados. El estudio de síndrome de Raynaud incluía sólo a 4 pacientes. No se valoran efectos adversos en detalle.

Conclusiones

El uso de la ozonoterapia en las enfermedades osteomusculares se basa en estudios de baja calidad. No hay en el momento actual un argumento sugerente de una adecuada relación riesgo/beneficio de la ozonoterapia en las enfermedades reumáticas.

Palabras clave:

Ozonoterapia

Revisión sistemática

Hernia lumbar

Objective

To perform a systematic review to analyze the efficacy on which the use of ozone therapy in musculoskeletal diseases is based.

Methods

A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library using highly sensitive search terms to identify all studies on ozone therapy. All studies showing the efficacy or effectiveness of ozone therapy in any musculoskeletal disease were selected.

Results

Only 6 relevant studies were identified, 5 in lumbar disk herniation and 1 in Raynaud’s syndrome. Of the 5 studies in disk herniation, only 3 were clinical trials and none used random allocation. Study participants were generally patients with symptomatic small discal hernias. There was wide variability in the dose of ozone injected as well as in the controls used for comparison. All outcome measures were subjective and there was no blinded evaluation of the results. The study in Raynaud’s syndrome included only 4 patients. Adverse effects were not evaluated in detail.

Conclusions

The use of ozone therapy in musculoskeletal diseases is based on poor quality studies. Currently, data supporting an adequate risk/benefit ratio for ozone therapy in rheumatic diseases is lacking.

Key words:

Ozone therapy

Systematic review

Lumbar hernia

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