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Vol. 19. Issue 9.
Pages 500-506 (November 2023)
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Vol. 19. Issue 9.
Pages 500-506 (November 2023)
Original Article
Safety and effectiveness of bDMARDs during pregnancy in patients with rheumatic diseases: Real-world data from the BIOBADASER registry
Seguridad y efectividad de los FAME biológicos durante el embarazo en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas: datos del mundo real procedentes del registro BIOBADASER
Cristina Membrive-Jiméneza,
Corresponding author
cristina.membrive95@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Carlos Sánchez-Piedrab, Olga Martínez-Gonzálezc, Javier García-Gonzálezd, Lorena Expósito-Péreze, Cristina Bohórquez-Herasf, Cristina Campos-Fernándezg, Fernando Sanchez-Alonsob, Rafael Cáliz-Cáliza, Isabel Castrejón-Fernándezh
a Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
b Health Technology Assessment Agency (AETS), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
c Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
d Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Huesca, Spain
e Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Spain
f Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
g Rheumatology Department, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
h Rheumatology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
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Figures (1)
Tables (3)
Table 1. Patient and clinical features according to rheumatic disease.
Table 2. Comparison between cases that continued or interrupted of bDMARDs during pregnancy.
Table 3. Pregnancy outcomes. Safety of bDMARDs and breastfeeding.
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Abstract
Introduction

Inflammatory rheumatic diseases usually affect women of childbearing age treated with biologic drugs. However, there is a lack of literature on the efficacy and toxicity of biologic disease-modifying drugs during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of pregnant patients treated with bDMARDs in a real-world dataset and to examine the impact of pregnancy and lactation on the evolution of rheumatic disease in a registry of Spanish patients.

Method

This was a multicentre prospective study with a real-world setting. Information was obtained from BIOBADASER registry. Patients included are women who got pregnant until November 2020 from 19 rheumatology units. We conducted proportions, means, and standard deviations (SD) to describe the study population and the use of treatments. T-test and Chi-square test were applied to assess differences between groups.

Result

Ninety cases of pregnancy were registered (n=68 full-term pregnancies; n=22 spontaneous miscarriages). Most of the cases discontinued bDMARDs during pregnancy (78.9%) but 13 cases continued treatment during pregnancy, mainly using certolizumab pegol. These cases were obtaining better management of rheumatic disease, although the differences were not statistically significant [DAS28-CRP, 2.9 (SD: 1.6) vs. 2.0 (1.2), p=.255; DAS28-ESR, 2.2 (1.0) vs. 1.7 (.5), p=.266]. No serious adverse events were reported during pregnancy and lactation.

Conclusion

Being pregnant is still an uncommon condition in patients with rheumatic diseases and using bDMARDs. Our results show that rheumatic disease tended to progress better during pregnancy in patients who continued to take bDMARDs.

Keywords:
Conception
Biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug
Lactation
Miscarriage
Safety
Effectiveness
Gestation
Pregnancy
Resumen
Introducción

Las enfermedades reumáticas inflamatorias afectan normalmente a mujeres en edad fértil tratadas con fármacos biológicos. Sin embargo, escasea la literatura sobre la eficacia y la toxicidad de los fármacos modificadores de la enfermedad (FAME) biológicos durante el embarazo. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la presencia de pacientes embarazadas tratadas con FAME biológicos en un conjunto de datos del mundo real y examinar el impacto del embarazo y la lactancia en la evolución de la enfermedad reumática en un registro de pacientes españoles.

Método

Estudio prospectivo multicéntrico en un entorno del mundo real. La información se obtuvo del registro BIOBADASER. Los pacientes fueron mujeres embarazadas hasta el mes de noviembre del 2020, de 19 unidades de Rreumatología. Obtuvimos proporciones, medias y desviaciones estándar (DE) para describir la población de estudio y el uso de tratamientos. Se realizaron las pruebas t y χ2 para evaluar las diferencias entre grupos.

Resultado

Se registraron 90 casos de embarazo (n=68 embarazos a término; n=22 abortos espontáneos). La mayoría de los casos suspendieron el tratamiento con FAME biológicos durante el embarazo (78,9%), pero 13 casos prosiguieron el tratamiento durante el embarazo, utilizando principalmente certolizumab pegol. Dichos casos obtuvieron un mejor manejo de la enfermedad reumática, aunque las diferencias no fueron estadísticamente significativas (DAS28-CRP, 2,9 [DE 1,6] vs. 2 [1,2], p=0,255; DAS28-ESR, 2,2 [1] vs. 1,7 [0,5], p=0,266). No se reportaron episodios adversos graves durante el embarazo y la lactancia.

Conclusión

La situación de embarazo sigue siendo infrecuente en las pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas que utilizan FAME biológicos. Nuestros resultados reflejan que la enfermedad reumática tendió a progresar mejor durante el embarazo en las mujeres tratadas con FAME biológicos.

Palabras clave:
Concepción
Fármaco antirreumático biológico modificador de la enfermedad
Lactancia
Aborto
Seguridad
Efectividad
Gestación
Embarazo

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