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Vol. 20. Issue 10.
Pages 533-538 (December 2024)
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Vol. 20. Issue 10.
Pages 533-538 (December 2024)
Original article
Changes in immature granulocyte levels and their association with disease activation following biologic therapy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Cambios en los niveles de granulocitos inmaduros y su asociación con la activación de la enfermedad tras el tratamiento biológico en pacientes con espondilitis anquilosante
Burak Okyara,
Corresponding author
okyarmd@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Servet Yüceb, İbrahim Halil Bilenc, Bekir Torund, İlyas Öztürke, Gözde Yıldırım Çetinf
a Adana City Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Turkey
b İstanbul Univercity, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Turkey
c Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Turkey
d Kahramanmaraş Necip Fazıl City Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Turkey
e Kahramanmaraş Necip Fazıl City Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Turkey
f Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Turkey
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Summary of participants’ characteristics and lab results by groups.
Table 2. Comparison of baseline and after treatment values in AS patients.
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Abstract
Introduction

AS is a chronic disease with an inflammatory serum microenvironment characterized by increased oxidative stress (OS). Along with OS, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are elevated in patients with AS. Overexpression of ROS causes active inflammatory processes leading to the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Immature granulocytes (IG) are essential to the chronic inflammatory process. This may mean that IG can be a parameter used in the follow-up of chronic inflammatory diseases such as AS.

Objective

We aimed to evaluate the change in IG in patients with AS who were on biologic medication for six months after diagnosis and to assess its relationship with disease activity, remission, and BASDAI score.

Methods

This single-center, retrospective study was conducted between January 2020 and January 2022. For the study, 68 patients were included in the patient group and 74 patients in the control group. Demographic and laboratory data were recorded and compared in the groups. Then, the patient group was divided into two groups: pre-biologic drug and post-biologic drug. Hemogram data, IG, ESR, CRP, and BASDAI data were recorded for both groups. Correlation analysis was performed between the results of IG data and hemogram and laboratory data.

Conclusion

In our study, WBC, neutrophil, IG, and IG% ratios were significantly higher in AS patients compared to the control group. Neutrophil, IG, and IG% levels were significantly decreased in the AS group compared to pretreatment and post-treatment comparisons. In addition, IG levels were correlated with WBC, neutrophil, CRP, and ESR levels. This study hypothesized that IG values may be a valuable parameter for monitoring AS disease severity, response to treatment, and disease activation after biological drug use.

Keywords:
Ankylosing spondylitis
Immature granulocyte
Low density granulocyte
Resumen
Introducción

La espondilitis anquilosante (EA) es una enfermedad crónica con un microambiente sérico inflamatorio caracterizado por un aumento del estrés oxidativo (EO). Junto con el EO, las especies reactivas del oxígeno (ERO) están elevadas en los pacientes con EA. La sobreexpresión de ROS provoca procesos inflamatorios activos que conducen a la secreción de factores proinflamatorios, incluido el factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNF-α). Los granulocitos inmaduros (GI) son esenciales para el proceso inflamatorio crónico. Esto puede significar que los GI pueden ser un parámetro utilizado en el seguimiento de enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas como la EA.

Objetivo

Nos propusimos evaluar el cambio en los GI en pacientes con EA que recibieron medicación biológica durante seis meses tras el diagnóstico y valorar su relación con la actividad de la enfermedad, la remisión y la puntuación BASDAI.

Métodos

Este estudio unicéntrico y retrospectivo se realizó entre enero de 2020 y enero de 2022. Para el estudio, se incluyeron 68 pacientes en el grupo de casos y 74 pacientes en el grupo de control. A continuación, el grupo de casos se dividió en dos grupos: pre-fármaco biológico y post-fármaco biológico. Se registraron los datos del hemograma, la GI, la VSG, la PCR y el BASDAI de ambos grupos. Estos dos grupos se compararon entre sí.

Conclusiones

En nuestro estudio, las proporciones de CMB, neutrófilos, GI y porcentaje de GI fueron significativamente mayores en los pacientes con EA en comparación con el grupo de control. Los niveles de neutrófilos, GI y porcentaje de GI disminuyeron significativamente en el grupo de pacientes con EA en comparación con las comparaciones pretratamiento y postratamiento. La disminución de los niveles de VSG y PCR acompañó a la disminución de los niveles de GI y porcentaje de GI. Además, los niveles de GI se correlacionaron con los de CMB, neutrófilos, PCR y VSG. La hipótesis de este estudio es que los valores de GI pueden ser un parámetro valioso para monitorizar la gravedad de la enfermedad de EA, la respuesta al tratamiento y la activación de la enfermedad tras el uso de fármacos biológicos.

Palabras clave:
Espondilitis anquilosante
Granulocitos inmaduros
Granulocitos de baja densidad

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