array:23 [
  "pii" => "S2173574309701364"
  "issn" => "21735743"
  "doi" => "10.1016/S2173-5743(09)70136-4"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2009-11-01"
  "aid" => "70136"
  "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Reumatología and Colegio Mexicano de Reumatología"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2009"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 0
  "subdocumento" => "rev"
  "cita" => "Reumatol Clin. 2009;5:280-4"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => false
    "ES2" => false
    "LATM" => false
  ]
  "gratuito" => false
  "lecturas" => array:2 [
    "total" => 2104
    "formatos" => array:3 [
      "EPUB" => 42
      "HTML" => 1253
      "PDF" => 809
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S2173574309701376"
    "issn" => "21735743"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S2173-5743(09)70137-6"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2009-11-01"
    "aid" => "70137"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Reumatología and Colegio Mexicano de Reumatología"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Reumatol Clin. 2009;5:285-8"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 1843
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 41
        "HTML" => 1262
        "PDF" => 540
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "titulo" => "New imaging techniques in the evaluation of joint cartilage"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "en"
        1 => "es"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "285"
          "paginaFinal" => "288"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "es" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Nuevas técnicas de imagen en la valoración del cartílago articular"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "en" => true
        "es" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Luis Martí-Bonmatí, Roberto Sanz, Ángel Alberich, Elena Belloch"
          "autores" => array:4 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Luis"
              "apellidos" => "Martí-Bonmatí"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Roberto"
              "apellidos" => "Sanz"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Ángel"
              "apellidos" => "Alberich"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Elena"
              "apellidos" => "Belloch"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173574309701376?idApp=UINPBA00004M"
    "url" => "/21735743/0000000500000006/v1_201305061600/S2173574309701376/v1_201305061600/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S2173574309701352"
    "issn" => "21735743"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S2173-5743(09)70135-2"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2009-11-01"
    "aid" => "70135"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Reumatología and Colegio Mexicano de Reumatología"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "subdocumento" => "rev"
    "cita" => "Reumatol Clin. 2009;5:268-79"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 2464
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 39
        "HTML" => 1512
        "PDF" => 913
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "titulo" => "Gene polymorphisms and pharmacogenetics in rheumatoid arthritis"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "en"
        1 => "es"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "268"
          "paginaFinal" => "279"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "es" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Polimorfismos genéticos y farmacogenética en la artritis reumatoide"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "en" => true
        "es" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Ignacio Rego-Pérez, Mercedes Fernández-Moreno, Vanessa Carreira-García, Francisco J. Blanco"
          "autores" => array:4 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Ignacio"
              "apellidos" => "Rego-Pérez"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Mercedes"
              "apellidos" => "Fernández-Moreno"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Vanessa"
              "apellidos" => "Carreira-García"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Francisco J."
              "apellidos" => "Blanco"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173574309701352?idApp=UINPBA00004M"
    "url" => "/21735743/0000000500000006/v1_201305061600/S2173574309701352/v1_201305061600/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:15 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Review</span>"
    "titulo" => "Fiftieth anniversary of the description of the chemical structure of antibodies"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "280"
        "paginaFinal" => "284"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "Dolores Ramos-Bello, Luis Llorente"
        "autores" => array:2 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "nombre" => "Dolores"
            "apellidos" => "Ramos-Bello"
          ]
          1 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Luis"
            "apellidos" => "Llorente"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "fluisllorentepeters57&#64;gmail&#46;com"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">¿</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:1 [
          0 => array:1 [
            "entidad" => "Departamento de Inmunolog&#237;a y Reumatolog&#237;a&#44; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M&#233;dicas y Nutrici&#243;n Salvador Zubir&#225;n&#44; M&#233;xico DF&#44; Mexico"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0005"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Cincuentenario del descubrimiento de la estructura qu&#237;mica de los anticuerpos"
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2009-03-04"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2009-05-05"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec112260"
          "palabras" => array:3 [
            0 => "Antibodies"
            1 => "History"
            2 => "Immunochemistry"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "es" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec112261"
          "palabras" => array:3 [
            0 => "Anticuerpos"
            1 => "Historia"
            2 => "Inmunoqu&#237;mica"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The identification of the antitoxic property of serum in 1890 by Emil von Behring and the introduction of the term &#8220;Antik&#246;rper&#8221; by Paul Ehrlich in 1891 referring to one of the most relevant mechanisms of defense of the adaptive immune system&#44; ie&#44; the humoral immune response mediators&#44; mark the beginning of modern immunology&#46; The &#8220;Y&#8221; structure was described 50 years ago by Gerald M&#46; Edelman and Rodney R&#46; Porter&#46; Thus&#44; on the fiftieth anniversary of the description of the chemical structure of antibodies&#44; we consider it appropriate to celebrate this fact by sketching a brief outline and review of these epoch-making achievements&#46;</p>"
      ]
      "es" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La identificaci&#243;n de la propiedad antit&#243;xica del suero en 1890 por Emil von Behring y la introducci&#243;n del t&#233;rmino &#8220;Antik&#246;rper&#8221; por Paul Ehrlich en 1891 para referirse a uno de los mecanismos de defensa m&#225;s relevantes del sistema inmunitario adaptativo&#44; es decir&#44; los mediadores de la respuesta inmunitaria humoral&#44; marcan el inicio de la etapa de la inmunolog&#237;a moderna&#46; La estructura en &#8220;Y&#8221; fue descrita hace cincuenta a&#241;os por Gerald M&#46; Edelman y Rodney R&#46; Porter&#46; As&#237;&#44; al cumplirse el cincuentenario de la descripci&#243;n de la estructura qu&#237;mica de los anticuerpos&#44; consideramos oportuno no dejar pasar inadvertido el hecho a trav&#233;s de una breve remembranza y la revisi&#243;n de dichos hallazgos&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:30 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1"
              "etiqueta" => "1&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A history of theories of acquired immunity"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "A&#46;M&#46; Silverstein"
                            1 => "A&#46;A&#46; Bialasiewicz"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cell Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "1980"
                        "volumen" => "51"
                        "paginaInicial" => "151"
                        "paginaFinal" => "167"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6988085"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S0016508502393429"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "00165085"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib2"
              "etiqueta" => "2&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A history of theories of antibody formation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "A&#46;M&#46; Silverstein"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cell Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "1985"
                        "volumen" => "91"
                        "paginaInicial" => "263"
                        "paginaFinal" => "283"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3882243"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib3"
              "etiqueta" => "3&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Cellular versus humoral immunity&#58; Determinants and consequences of an epic 19th century battle"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "A&#46;M&#46; Silverstein"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cell Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "1979"
                        "volumen" => "48"
                        "paginaInicial" => "208"
                        "paginaFinal" => "221"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/389439"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib4"
              "etiqueta" => "4&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Experimentelle Untersuchungen ubre Immunitat"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Ehrlich"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "II&#46; Ueber Abrin&#46; Dtsch Med Wochenschr&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1891"
                        "volumen" => "17"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1218"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib5"
              "etiqueta" => "5&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Die Wertbemessung des Diophtherieheilserums und deren theoretische Grundlagen"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Ehrlich"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Klinisches Jahrbuch"
                        "fecha" => "1897"
                        "volumen" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "299"
                        "paginaFinal" => "326"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib6"
              "etiqueta" => "6&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "On immunity with special reference to cell life"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Ehrlich"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Proc Roy Soc &#40;London&#41;"
                        "fecha" => "1900"
                        "volumen" => "66"
                        "paginaInicial" => "424"
                        "paginaFinal" => "448"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib7"
              "etiqueta" => "7&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Immunochemistry&#46; The application of the principles of physical chemistry to the study of the biological antibodies"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Arrhenius"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:3 [
                        "fecha" => "1907"
                        "editorial" => "MacMillan"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "New York"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib8"
              "etiqueta" => "8&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The Specificity of Serological Reactions"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "K&#46; Landsteiner"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:2 [
                        "fecha" => "1936"
                        "editorial" => "Baltimore"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib9"
              "etiqueta" => "9&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Ueber die Antigeneigen-schaften von methyliertem Eiweiss&#46; VII&#46; Mitteilung &#252;ber Antigene"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "K&#46; Landsteiner"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Zeitschrift f&#252;r Immunit&#228;tsforschung"
                        "fecha" => "1917"
                        "volumen" => "26"
                        "paginaInicial" => "122"
                        "paginaFinal" => "133"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib10"
              "etiqueta" => "10&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The soluble specific substance of pneumococcus"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Heidelberger"
                            1 => "O&#46;T&#46; Avery"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Exp Med"
                        "fecha" => "1923"
                        "volumen" => "38"
                        "paginaInicial" => "73"
                        "paginaFinal" => "79"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19868772"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib11"
              "etiqueta" => "11&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Reminiscences"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Heidelberger"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Immunol Rev"
                        "fecha" => "1985"
                        "volumen" => "83"
                        "paginaInicial" => "5"
                        "paginaFinal" => "22"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3894219"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib12"
              "etiqueta" => "12&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The chemistry of antigens and antibodies&#46; Special Report Series No&#46; 194"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "J&#46;R&#46; Marrack"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:3 [
                        "fecha" => "1934"
                        "editorial" => "Medical Researh Council"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "London"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib13"
              "etiqueta" => "13&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The ultra-centrifuge&#44; a new instrument for the determination of size and distribution of size of particle in amicroscopic colloids"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Svedberg"
                            1 => "H&#46; Rinde"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Amer Chem Soc"
                        "fecha" => "1924"
                        "volumen" => "46"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2677"
                        "paginaFinal" => "2693"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib14"
              "etiqueta" => "14&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "An electrophoretic study of immune sera and purified antibody preparations"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Tiselius"
                            1 => "E&#46;A&#46; Kabat"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Exp Med"
                        "fecha" => "1939"
                        "volumen" => "69"
                        "paginaInicial" => "119"
                        "paginaFinal" => "131"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19870831"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib15"
              "etiqueta" => "15&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Relation between certain myeloma proteins and normal gamma globulin"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "H&#46;G&#46; Kunkel"
                            1 => "R&#46;J&#46; Salter"
                            2 => "R&#46;A&#46; Good"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Proc Soc Exp Biol Med"
                        "fecha" => "1951"
                        "volumen" => "76"
                        "paginaInicial" => "190"
                        "paginaFinal" => "193"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14816435"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            15 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib16"
              "etiqueta" => "16&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Studies of the isolation and charcterization of the &#8220;rheumatoid factor&#8221;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "H&#46;G&#46; Kunkel"
                            1 => "E&#46;C&#46; Franklin"
                            2 => "H&#46;J&#46; Muller-Eberhard"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Exp Med"
                        "fecha" => "1959"
                        "volumen" => "38"
                        "paginaInicial" => "424"
                        "paginaFinal" => "434"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib17"
              "etiqueta" => "17&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The precipitin reaction between DNA and a serum factor in systemic lupus erythematosus"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "H&#46;R&#46;G&#46; Deicher"
                            1 => "H&#46;R&#46; Holman"
                            2 => "H&#46;G&#46; Kunkel"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Exp Med"
                        "fecha" => "1959"
                        "volumen" => "109"
                        "paginaInicial" => "97"
                        "paginaFinal" => "114"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13611167"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            17 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib18"
              "etiqueta" => "18&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The clonal selection theory of acquired immunity"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "F&#46;M&#46; Burnet"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:3 [
                        "fecha" => "1959"
                        "editorial" => "Vanderbilt University Press and Cambridge University Press"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "Cambridge"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            18 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib19"
              "etiqueta" => "19&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The hydrolysis of rabbit g-globulin and antibodies with crystalline papain"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "R&#46;R&#46; Porter"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Biochem"
                        "fecha" => "1959"
                        "volumen" => "73"
                        "paginaInicial" => "119"
                        "paginaFinal" => "126"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            19 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib20"
              "etiqueta" => "20&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dissociation of g-globulin"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "G&#46;M&#46; Edelman"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Am Chem Soc"
                        "fecha" => "1959"
                        "volumen" => "81"
                        "paginaInicial" => "3155"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            20 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib21"
              "etiqueta" => "21&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Studies on structural units of the g-globulins"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "G&#46;M&#46; Edelman"
                            1 => "M&#46;D&#46; Poulik"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Exp Med"
                        "fecha" => "1961"
                        "volumen" => "113"
                        "paginaInicial" => "861"
                        "paginaFinal" => "884"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13725659"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            21 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib22"
              "etiqueta" => "22&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The nature of Bence-Jones proteins Chemical similarities to polypeptide chains of myeloma globulins and normal gamma-globulins"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "G&#46;M&#46; Edelman"
                            1 => "J&#46;A&#46; Gally"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Exp Med"
                        "fecha" => "1962"
                        "volumen" => "116"
                        "paginaInicial" => "207"
                        "paginaFinal" => "227"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13889153"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            22 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib23"
              "etiqueta" => "23&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "On a new substance ocurring in the urine of a patient with Mollities ossium"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "H&#46; Bence-Jones"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Philosoph Trans Royal Soc Lond"
                        "fecha" => "1848"
                        "volumen" => "138"
                        "paginaInicial" => "55"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            23 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib24"
              "etiqueta" => "24&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The structure of antibodies"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "R&#46;R&#46; Porter"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Scientific American"
                        "fecha" => "1967"
                        "volumen" => "180"
                        "paginaInicial" => "713"
                        "paginaFinal" => "716"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            24 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib25"
              "etiqueta" => "25&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Antibody structure and molecular immunology"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "G&#46;M&#46; Edelman"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Science"
                        "fecha" => "1973"
                        "volumen" => "180"
                        "paginaInicial" => "830"
                        "paginaFinal" => "840"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4540988"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            25 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib26"
              "etiqueta" => "26&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Separation of univalent fragments from the bivalent rabbit antibody molecule by reduction of disulfide bonds"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Nisonoff"
                            1 => "F&#46;C&#46; Wissler"
                            2 => "L&#46;N&#46; Lipman"
                            3 => "D&#46;L&#46; Woernley"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Arch Biochem Byophis"
                        "fecha" => "1960"
                        "volumen" => "89"
                        "paginaInicial" => "230"
                        "paginaFinal" => "244"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            26 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib27"
              "etiqueta" => "27&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A new class of human immunoglobulins&#46; II&#46; Normal serum IgD"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "D&#46;S&#46; Rowe"
                            1 => "J&#46;L&#46; Fahey"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Exp Med"
                        "fecha" => "1965"
                        "volumen" => "121"
                        "paginaInicial" => "171"
                        "paginaFinal" => "184"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14253482"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            27 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib28"
              "etiqueta" => "28&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Characteristics of an immune system common to certain external secretions"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "T&#46;B&#46; Tomasi"
                            1 => "E&#46;M&#46; Tan"
                            2 => "A&#46; Solomon"
                            3 => "R&#46;A&#46; Prendergast"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Exp Med"
                        "fecha" => "1965"
                        "volumen" => "121"
                        "paginaInicial" => "101"
                        "paginaFinal" => "124"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14253478"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            28 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib29"
              "etiqueta" => "29&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Physico-chemical properties of human reaginic antibody&#46; IV&#46; Presence of a unique immunoglobulin as a carrier of reaginic activity"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "K&#46; Ishizaka"
                            1 => "T&#46; Ishizaka"
                            2 => "M&#46;M&#46; Hornbrook"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "1966"
                        "volumen" => "97"
                        "paginaInicial" => "75"
                        "paginaFinal" => "85"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4162440"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            29 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib30"
              "etiqueta" => "30&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Physicochemical properties of reaginic antibody V&#46; Correlation of reaginic activity with gamma-E-globulin antibody"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "K&#46; Ishizaka"
                            1 => "T&#46; Ishizaka"
                            2 => "M&#46;M&#46; Hornbrook"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "1966"
                        "volumen" => "97"
                        "paginaInicial" => "840"
                        "paginaFinal" => "853"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4163008"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/21735743/0000000500000006/v1_201305061600/S2173574309701364/v1_201305061600/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "8383"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "en" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Review Article"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21735743/0000000500000006/v1_201305061600/S2173574309701364/v1_201305061600/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004M&text.app=https://reumatologiaclinica.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173574309701364?idApp=UINPBA00004M"
]
Share
Journal Information
Vol. 5. Issue 6.
Pages 280-284 (November - December 2009)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 5. Issue 6.
Pages 280-284 (November - December 2009)
Review
Full text access
Fiftieth anniversary of the description of the chemical structure of antibodies
Cincuentenario del descubrimiento de la estructura química de los anticuerpos
Visits
6273
Dolores Ramos-Bello, Luis Llorente
Corresponding author
fluisllorentepeters57@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México DF, Mexico
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics
Abstract

The identification of the antitoxic property of serum in 1890 by Emil von Behring and the introduction of the term “Antikörper” by Paul Ehrlich in 1891 referring to one of the most relevant mechanisms of defense of the adaptive immune system, ie, the humoral immune response mediators, mark the beginning of modern immunology. The “Y” structure was described 50 years ago by Gerald M. Edelman and Rodney R. Porter. Thus, on the fiftieth anniversary of the description of the chemical structure of antibodies, we consider it appropriate to celebrate this fact by sketching a brief outline and review of these epoch-making achievements.

Keywords:
Antibodies
History
Immunochemistry
Resumen

La identificación de la propiedad antitóxica del suero en 1890 por Emil von Behring y la introducción del término “Antikörper” por Paul Ehrlich en 1891 para referirse a uno de los mecanismos de defensa más relevantes del sistema inmunitario adaptativo, es decir, los mediadores de la respuesta inmunitaria humoral, marcan el inicio de la etapa de la inmunología moderna. La estructura en “Y” fue descrita hace cincuenta años por Gerald M. Edelman y Rodney R. Porter. Así, al cumplirse el cincuentenario de la descripción de la estructura química de los anticuerpos, consideramos oportuno no dejar pasar inadvertido el hecho a través de una breve remembranza y la revisión de dichos hallazgos.

Palabras clave:
Anticuerpos
Historia
Inmunoquímica
Full text is only aviable in PDF
References
[1.]
A.M. Silverstein, A.A. Bialasiewicz.
A history of theories of acquired immunity.
Cell Immunol, 51 (1980), pp. 151-167
[2.]
A.M. Silverstein.
A history of theories of antibody formation.
Cell Immunol, 91 (1985), pp. 263-283
[3.]
A.M. Silverstein.
Cellular versus humoral immunity: Determinants and consequences of an epic 19th century battle.
Cell Immunol, 48 (1979), pp. 208-221
[4.]
P. Ehrlich.
Experimentelle Untersuchungen ubre Immunitat.
II. Ueber Abrin. Dtsch Med Wochenschr., 17 (1891), pp. 1218
[5.]
P. Ehrlich.
Die Wertbemessung des Diophtherieheilserums und deren theoretische Grundlagen.
Klinisches Jahrbuch, 6 (1897), pp. 299-326
[6.]
P. Ehrlich.
On immunity with special reference to cell life.
Proc Roy Soc (London), 66 (1900), pp. 424-448
[7.]
S. Arrhenius.
Immunochemistry. The application of the principles of physical chemistry to the study of the biological antibodies.
MacMillan, (1907),
[8.]
K. Landsteiner.
The Specificity of Serological Reactions.
Baltimore, (1936),
[9.]
K. Landsteiner.
Ueber die Antigeneigen-schaften von methyliertem Eiweiss. VII. Mitteilung über Antigene.
Zeitschrift für Immunitätsforschung, 26 (1917), pp. 122-133
[10.]
M. Heidelberger, O.T. Avery.
The soluble specific substance of pneumococcus.
J Exp Med, 38 (1923), pp. 73-79
[11.]
M. Heidelberger.
Reminiscences.
Immunol Rev, 83 (1985), pp. 5-22
[12.]
J.R. Marrack.
The chemistry of antigens and antibodies. Special Report Series No. 194.
Medical Researh Council, (1934),
[13.]
T. Svedberg, H. Rinde.
The ultra-centrifuge, a new instrument for the determination of size and distribution of size of particle in amicroscopic colloids.
J Amer Chem Soc, 46 (1924), pp. 2677-2693
[14.]
A. Tiselius, E.A. Kabat.
An electrophoretic study of immune sera and purified antibody preparations.
J Exp Med, 69 (1939), pp. 119-131
[15.]
H.G. Kunkel, R.J. Salter, R.A. Good.
Relation between certain myeloma proteins and normal gamma globulin.
Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 76 (1951), pp. 190-193
[16.]
H.G. Kunkel, E.C. Franklin, H.J. Muller-Eberhard.
Studies of the isolation and charcterization of the “rheumatoid factor”.
J Exp Med, 38 (1959), pp. 424-434
[17.]
H.R.G. Deicher, H.R. Holman, H.G. Kunkel.
The precipitin reaction between DNA and a serum factor in systemic lupus erythematosus.
J Exp Med, 109 (1959), pp. 97-114
[18.]
F.M. Burnet.
The clonal selection theory of acquired immunity.
Vanderbilt University Press and Cambridge University Press, (1959),
[19.]
R.R. Porter.
The hydrolysis of rabbit g-globulin and antibodies with crystalline papain.
Biochem, 73 (1959), pp. 119-126
[20.]
G.M. Edelman.
Dissociation of g-globulin.
J Am Chem Soc, 81 (1959), pp. 3155
[21.]
G.M. Edelman, M.D. Poulik.
Studies on structural units of the g-globulins.
J Exp Med, 113 (1961), pp. 861-884
[22.]
G.M. Edelman, J.A. Gally.
The nature of Bence-Jones proteins Chemical similarities to polypeptide chains of myeloma globulins and normal gamma-globulins.
J Exp Med, 116 (1962), pp. 207-227
[23.]
H. Bence-Jones.
On a new substance ocurring in the urine of a patient with Mollities ossium.
Philosoph Trans Royal Soc Lond, 138 (1848), pp. 55
[24.]
R.R. Porter.
The structure of antibodies.
Scientific American, 180 (1967), pp. 713-716
[25.]
G.M. Edelman.
Antibody structure and molecular immunology.
Science, 180 (1973), pp. 830-840
[26.]
A. Nisonoff, F.C. Wissler, L.N. Lipman, D.L. Woernley.
Separation of univalent fragments from the bivalent rabbit antibody molecule by reduction of disulfide bonds.
Arch Biochem Byophis, 89 (1960), pp. 230-244
[27.]
D.S. Rowe, J.L. Fahey.
A new class of human immunoglobulins. II. Normal serum IgD.
J Exp Med, 121 (1965), pp. 171-184
[28.]
T.B. Tomasi, E.M. Tan, A. Solomon, R.A. Prendergast.
Characteristics of an immune system common to certain external secretions.
J Exp Med, 121 (1965), pp. 101-124
[29.]
K. Ishizaka, T. Ishizaka, M.M. Hornbrook.
Physico-chemical properties of human reaginic antibody. IV. Presence of a unique immunoglobulin as a carrier of reaginic activity.
J Immunol, 97 (1966), pp. 75-85
[30.]
K. Ishizaka, T. Ishizaka, M.M. Hornbrook.
Physicochemical properties of reaginic antibody V. Correlation of reaginic activity with gamma-E-globulin antibody.
J Immunol, 97 (1966), pp. 840-853
Copyright © 2009. Sociedad Española de Reumatología and Colegio Mexicano de Reumatología
Download PDF
Idiomas
Reumatología Clínica (English Edition)
Article options
Tools
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?