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La interleucina 6 en la fisiopatología de la artrirtis reumatoide
Interleukin 6 in the physiopathology of rheumatoid arthritis
José Luis Pablos Álvarez
Servicio de Reumatología y Unidad de Investigación, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España
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Pertenece a una amplia familia de citocinas que comparten el receptor de membrana gp130, mediador de una señal específica de activación del sistema Jak/STAT3 con amplios efectos en la expresión de genes proinflamatorios e inmunorreguladores.</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">De forma más prominente que otras citocinas, la IL-6 media potentes acciones sistémicas en órganos distantes de su origen local inflamatorio. Las más específicas afectan a la hematopoyesis y la síntesis hepática de reactantes de fase aguda. Su potencial actividad proinflamatoria y de destrucción articular, junto con su implicación en la inmunorregulación T y B, la convirtió en una diana terapéutica atractiva, confirmada por el éxito de su antagonista tocilizumab en la artritis reumatoide (AR).</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Aunque son necesarios estudios más amplios sobre la participación de la IL-6 en la fisiopatología de la AR, numerosos datos indirectos permiten situarla en una posición muy relevante.</p>" ] "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Interleukin (IL) 6 was identified in 1986 as a factor produced by T lymphocytes, that mediates growth and immunoglobulin synthesis on B lymphocytes. IL-6 is a member of a large cytokine family sharing a gp130 membrane receptor. This receptor mediates specific Jak/STAT3 activation, which induces widespread expression of pro-inflammatory and immunoregulatory genes.</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">IL-6 mediates potent systemic responses, in organs distant from its local inflammatory sources, in a prominent fashion compared to other cytokines. Most specific effects involve hematopoiesis and hepatic acute phase reactants synthesis. IL-6 became a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) target due to its pro-inflammatory and joint destructive potential, as well as its participation in T and B immunoregulation. The therapeutic success of tocilizumab has confirmed IL-6 as an RA target.</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Although additional studies on the participation of IL-6 in RA physiopathology are needed, a number of indirect data point to a relevant position in this setting.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:43 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Interleukin-6: from basic science to medicine. 40 years in immunology" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "T. 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"referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Modulation of angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor by tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 in rheumatoid arthritis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "E.M. Paleolog" 1 => "S. Young" 2 => "A.C. Stark" 3 => "R.V. McCloskey" 4 => "M. Feldmann" 5 => "R.N. Maini" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1002/1529-0131(199807)41:7<1258::AID-ART17>3.0.CO;2-1" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arthritis Rheum" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "41" "paginaInicial" => "1258" "paginaFinal" => "1265" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9663484" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 42 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib43" "etiqueta" => "43." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Study of active controlled monotherapy used for rheumatoid arthritis, an IL-6 inhibitor (SAMURAI): evidence of clinical and radiographic benefit from an x ray reader-blinded randomised controlled trial of tocilizumab" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "N. Nishimoto" 1 => "J. Hashimoto" 2 => "N. Miyasaka" 3 => "K. Yamamoto" 4 => "S. Kawai" 5 => "T. Takeuchi" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1136/ard.2006.068064" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ann Rheum Dis" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "66" "paginaInicial" => "1162" "paginaFinal" => "1167" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17485422" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "url" => "/1699258X/0000000500000001/v1_201305061810/S1699258X09702037/v1_201305061810/es/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "17501" "tipo" => "SECCION" "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Revisión" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/1699258X/0000000500000001/v1_201305061810/S1699258X09702037/v1_201305061810/es/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004M&text.app=https://reumatologiaclinica.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1699258X09702037?idApp=UINPBA00004M" ]
| año/Mes | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Noviembre | 8 | 23 | 31 |
| 2024 Octubre | 72 | 38 | 110 |
| 2024 Septiembre | 57 | 22 | 79 |
| 2024 Agosto | 61 | 51 | 112 |
| 2024 Julio | 85 | 30 | 115 |
| 2024 Junio | 84 | 51 | 135 |
| 2024 Mayo | 76 | 35 | 111 |
| 2024 Abril | 74 | 32 | 106 |
| 2024 Marzo | 67 | 41 | 108 |
| 2024 Febrero | 59 | 41 | 100 |
| 2024 Enero | 71 | 23 | 94 |
| 2023 Diciembre | 62 | 25 | 87 |
| 2023 Noviembre | 92 | 31 | 123 |
| 2023 Octubre | 71 | 39 | 110 |
| 2023 Septiembre | 68 | 44 | 112 |
| 2023 Agosto | 53 | 27 | 80 |
| 2023 Julio | 54 | 59 | 113 |
| 2023 Junio | 67 | 28 | 95 |
| 2023 Mayo | 51 | 31 | 82 |
| 2023 Abril | 30 | 20 | 50 |
| 2023 Marzo | 81 | 40 | 121 |
| 2023 Febrero | 36 | 41 | 77 |
| 2023 Enero | 27 | 27 | 54 |
| 2022 Diciembre | 44 | 60 | 104 |
| 2022 Noviembre | 53 | 44 | 97 |
| 2022 Octubre | 53 | 44 | 97 |
| 2022 Septiembre | 88 | 52 | 140 |
| 2022 Agosto | 73 | 47 | 120 |
| 2022 Julio | 74 | 63 | 137 |
| 2022 Junio | 74 | 50 | 124 |
| 2022 Mayo | 68 | 51 | 119 |
| 2022 Abril | 74 | 48 | 122 |
| 2022 Marzo | 61 | 65 | 126 |
| 2022 Febrero | 36 | 57 | 93 |
| 2022 Enero | 58 | 74 | 132 |
| 2021 Diciembre | 44 | 71 | 115 |
| 2021 Noviembre | 47 | 71 | 118 |
| 2021 Octubre | 48 | 93 | 141 |
| 2021 Septiembre | 64 | 79 | 143 |
| 2021 Agosto | 61 | 68 | 129 |
| 2021 Julio | 59 | 52 | 111 |
| 2021 Junio | 55 | 74 | 129 |
| 2021 Mayo | 78 | 68 | 146 |
| 2021 Abril | 377 | 120 | 497 |
| 2021 Marzo | 153 | 46 | 199 |
| 2021 Febrero | 95 | 43 | 138 |
| 2021 Enero | 63 | 40 | 103 |
| 2020 Diciembre | 44 | 22 | 66 |
| 2020 Noviembre | 82 | 35 | 117 |
| 2020 Octubre | 98 | 22 | 120 |
| 2020 Septiembre | 152 | 45 | 197 |
| 2020 Agosto | 182 | 52 | 234 |
| 2020 Julio | 225 | 55 | 280 |
| 2020 Junio | 178 | 79 | 257 |
| 2020 Mayo | 192 | 62 | 254 |
| 2020 Abril | 196 | 43 | 239 |
| 2020 Marzo | 160 | 26 | 186 |
| 2020 Febrero | 80 | 34 | 114 |
| 2020 Enero | 104 | 34 | 138 |
| 2019 Diciembre | 59 | 46 | 105 |
| 2019 Noviembre | 51 | 63 | 114 |
| 2019 Octubre | 46 | 69 | 115 |
| 2019 Septiembre | 55 | 56 | 111 |
| 2019 Agosto | 59 | 57 | 116 |
| 2019 Julio | 116 | 57 | 173 |
| 2019 Junio | 114 | 98 | 212 |
| 2019 Mayo | 140 | 182 | 322 |
| 2019 Abril | 70 | 89 | 159 |
| 2019 Marzo | 75 | 89 | 164 |
| 2019 Febrero | 67 | 78 | 145 |
| 2019 Enero | 57 | 86 | 143 |
| 2018 Diciembre | 75 | 90 | 165 |
| 2018 Noviembre | 56 | 28 | 84 |
| 2018 Octubre | 43 | 21 | 64 |
| 2018 Septiembre | 37 | 90 | 127 |
| 2018 Agosto | 41 | 31 | 72 |
| 2018 Julio | 44 | 7 | 51 |
| 2018 Junio | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2018 Mayo | 8 | 2 | 10 |
| 2018 Abril | 53 | 11 | 64 |
| 2018 Marzo | 81 | 22 | 103 |
| 2018 Febrero | 66 | 9 | 75 |
| 2018 Enero | 50 | 9 | 59 |
| 2017 Diciembre | 68 | 25 | 93 |
| 2017 Noviembre | 92 | 54 | 146 |
| 2017 Octubre | 71 | 43 | 114 |
| 2017 Septiembre | 84 | 33 | 117 |
| 2017 Agosto | 62 | 42 | 104 |
| 2017 Julio | 73 | 37 | 110 |
| 2017 Junio | 124 | 52 | 176 |
| 2017 Mayo | 80 | 32 | 112 |
| 2017 Abril | 88 | 31 | 119 |
| 2017 Marzo | 117 | 34 | 151 |
| 2017 Febrero | 275 | 68 | 343 |
| 2017 Enero | 99 | 19 | 118 |
| 2016 Diciembre | 120 | 29 | 149 |
| 2016 Noviembre | 159 | 35 | 194 |
| 2016 Octubre | 168 | 67 | 235 |
| 2016 Septiembre | 249 | 70 | 319 |
| 2016 Agosto | 169 | 52 | 221 |
| 2016 Julio | 81 | 40 | 121 |
| 2016 Febrero | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2016 Enero | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2015 Diciembre | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2015 Noviembre | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2015 Septiembre | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 Julio | 156 | 8 | 164 |
| 2015 Junio | 387 | 21 | 408 |
| 2015 Mayo | 304 | 32 | 336 |
| 2015 Abril | 265 | 31 | 296 |
| 2015 Marzo | 246 | 11 | 257 |
| 2015 Febrero | 243 | 9 | 252 |
| 2015 Enero | 170 | 16 | 186 |
| 2014 Diciembre | 180 | 17 | 197 |
| 2014 Noviembre | 262 | 28 | 290 |
| 2014 Octubre | 262 | 15 | 277 |
| 2014 Septiembre | 196 | 27 | 223 |
| 2014 Agosto | 182 | 38 | 220 |
| 2014 Julio | 203 | 21 | 224 |
| 2014 Junio | 240 | 36 | 276 |
| 2014 Mayo | 300 | 39 | 339 |
| 2014 Abril | 287 | 22 | 309 |
| 2014 Marzo | 272 | 39 | 311 |
| 2014 Febrero | 230 | 50 | 280 |
| 2014 Enero | 189 | 59 | 248 |
| 2013 Diciembre | 124 | 44 | 168 |
| 2013 Noviembre | 199 | 75 | 274 |
| 2013 Octubre | 203 | 42 | 245 |
| 2013 Septiembre | 162 | 58 | 220 |
| 2013 Agosto | 146 | 71 | 217 |
| 2013 Julio | 167 | 44 | 211 |
| 2013 Junio | 99 | 39 | 138 |
| 2013 Mayo | 123 | 47 | 170 |
| 2013 Abril | 102 | 33 | 135 |
| 2013 Marzo | 98 | 37 | 135 |
| 2013 Febrero | 74 | 22 | 96 |
| 2013 Enero | 104 | 21 | 125 |
| 2012 Diciembre | 101 | 22 | 123 |
| 2012 Noviembre | 116 | 25 | 141 |
| 2012 Octubre | 25 | 20 | 45 |
| 2012 Septiembre | 20 | 9 | 29 |
| 2011 Mayo | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 2011 Abril | 11 | 0 | 11 |
| 2011 Marzo | 36 | 0 | 36 |
| 2011 Febrero | 34 | 0 | 34 |
| 2011 Enero | 17 | 0 | 17 |
| 2010 Diciembre | 14 | 0 | 14 |
| 2010 Noviembre | 27 | 0 | 27 |
| 2010 Octubre | 11 | 0 | 11 |
| 2010 Septiembre | 20 | 0 | 20 |
| 2010 Agosto | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 2010 Julio | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2010 Junio | 22 | 0 | 22 |
| 2010 Mayo | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2010 Abril | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2010 Marzo | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2010 Febrero | 14 | 0 | 14 |
| 2010 Enero | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2009 Diciembre | 35 | 0 | 35 |
| 2009 Noviembre | 58 | 0 | 58 |
| 2009 Octubre | 32 | 0 | 32 |
| 2009 Septiembre | 28 | 0 | 28 |
| 2009 Agosto | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2009 Julio | 21 | 0 | 21 |
| 2009 Junio | 25 | 0 | 25 |
| 2009 Mayo | 23 | 0 | 23 |
| 2009 Abril | 32 | 0 | 32 |
| 2009 Marzo | 22 | 0 | 22 |
| 2009 Febrero | 5 | 0 | 5 |
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