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          "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Percentage of patients admitted to the ICU&#44; according to the treatment received&#46; &#40;BARI&#58; baricitinib&#46; TCZ&#58; tocilizumab&#41;&#46;</p>"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Coronavirus disease 2019 &#40;COVID-19&#41;&#44; which started in China in December of 2019&#44; has led to a pandemic extremely quickly&#44; with effects on health in many countries&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">When the immune response is unable to control infection&#44; the virus activates macrophages and granulocytes&#44; causing the progressive release of proinflammatory cytokines&#44; especially IL6&#44; IL1&#44; IL10&#44; interferon and TNF&#44; provoking a real &#8220;cytokine storm&#8221;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;5</span></a> In some patients&#44; it induces the appearance of pulmonary infiltrates and rapid development of respiratory failure and severe acute respiratory syndrome &#40;SARS&#41;&#44; which is the main cause of mortality in these patients&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#8211;8</span></a> Although mortality vary between countries&#44; it has been estimated 0&#8211;3&#37; to 1&#37; in general population infected and 14&#37; among hospitalized cases &#40;95&#37; CI 3&#46;9&#8211;32&#37;&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9&#8211;12</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Management&#44; especially in patients with severe disease&#44; is one of the main problems posed by this disease&#46; So far&#44; it has been based on observational studies or on drugs used in other viral diseases&#46; Although there are numerous clinical trials underway&#44; there is no evidence to recommend a specific treatment&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the first phase of the disease&#44; treatment with antiviral drugs &#40;remdesivir&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> a combination of lopanivir&#47;ritonavir&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> or interferon &#946;1b<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&#41;&#44; or drugs that may interfere with the development of the virus &#40;hydroxychloroquine&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> predominates&#46; After a few days&#44; in the second inflammatory phase&#44; associated with the release of cytokines&#44; the use of drugs such as tocilizumab &#40;TCZ&#41;&#44; with anti-IL6 action and therefore for the treatment of SARS&#44; predominates&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;8&#44;17</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Given its high contagiousness&#44; this virus has caused an explosion of cases&#44; with saturation of the health system and of intensive care units &#40;ICU&#41;&#46; In Spain&#44; 43&#37; of infected patients required hospital admission and 3&#46;9&#37; ICU admission&#46; Approximately 75&#37; of patients admitted for COVID19 present positive imaging for interstitial pneumonia &#40;IP&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#44;18&#44;19</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As in many other hospitals in Spain&#44; with a large number of patients admitted for COVID19-IP&#44; our center had to restructure most of the hospitalization areas and the activities of the entire medical staff at the times of greatest impact of the pandemic&#46; In this context&#44; and with the possibility of supply problems of drugs such as TCZ&#44; in cases of SARS&#44; possible therapeutic alternatives were sought&#44; for their early administration or as a bridge to reduce the consumption of TCZ&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Baricitinib &#40;BARI&#41; is a selective JAK1&#47;JAK2 intracellular route inhibitor drug&#44; administered orally at a daily dose of 2&#8211;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#44; and approved for the treatment of adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> Unlike other biological drugs&#44; which are predominantly inhibitors of one cytokine&#44; BARI inhibits multiple cytokines&#44; such as IL-6 and interferon&#44; among others&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#8211;22</span></a> In addition to its anti-inflammatory effect&#44; there are data indicating that BARI&#44; at the doses used in rheumatology&#44; may have antiviral action&#44; interfering with its binding to ACE2 receptors &#40;angiotensin-converting enzyme&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23&#8211;24</span></a> This inhibits the entry of the virus into the cell and its intracellular coupling by binding to GAK &#40;cyclin G-associated kinase&#41;&#44; which regulates endocytosis and acts on AAK1 &#40;Associated protein kinase 1&#41;&#44; thus interfering with viral replication&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24&#8211;25</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The main objective of the study is to describe the experience of treatment with BARI and&#47;or TCZ&#44; in monotherapy or combined&#44; in patients admitted for IP secondary to COVID19&#44; and for 30 days after discharge&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Methods</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This is a retrospective observational study&#46; The medical records of the patients admitted to our center due to IP secondary to COVID19&#44; demonstrated by PCR &#40;polymerase chain reaction&#41; technique&#44; who started treatment with BARI and&#47;or TCZ&#44; from March 27 to April 2&#44; 2020 and their clinical progress until discharge&#44; was reviewed&#46; Survival and serious complications were reviewed after 30 days of discharge&#46;</p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Patients</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patients received&#44; at the discretion of the responsible physician&#44; standard antiviral treatment&#44; and anti-cytokine therapy &#40;BARI or TCZ&#41;&#44; in patients with the following inclusion criteria&#58; &#40;1&#41; Interstitial pneumonia and &#40;2&#41; PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> &#40;ratio between PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> in mmHg and FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> in&#37;&#41; &#60;300&#46; Exclusion criteria&#58; pregnancy&#44; previous thrombosis history&#44; HBV infection&#44; current bacterial infection&#44; neutrophil&#60;1000&#47;mm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#44; lymphocyte &#60;300&#47;mm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#44; platelets &#60;50&#44;000&#47;mm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span> and transaminases values 4-fold higher than the upper normal limit&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">For analysis&#44; they were divided into 4 groups&#58; Group 1&#58; patients treated with BARI&#44; at an oral dose of 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg or 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg daily&#59; Group 2&#58; patients receiving an intravenous dose of TCZ&#44; adjusted for weight &#40;400<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg in patients weighing &#60;75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kg or 600<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg in those weighing &#8805;75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kg&#41;&#59; Group 3&#58; patients who received BARI and TCZ combined and Group 4&#58; patients who received neither BARI nor TCZ&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Data collection</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">General patient data&#44; comorbidities and the Charlson Comorbidity Index&#44; which includes the estimated 10-year survival were included&#46; During admission&#58; symptoms &#40;fever&#44; cough&#44; dyspnea&#44; diarrhea&#41;&#44; time of progression of symptoms&#59; chest x-ray&#59; laboratory data&#58; blood count&#44; general biochemistry&#44; arterial blood gas&#44; D-dimer&#44; sedimentation rate &#40;ESR&#41;&#44; C-reactive protein &#40;CRP&#41;&#44; O<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> saturation&#44; PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> &#40;mild if &#60;300&#44; moderate if &#60;200&#44; and severe if &#60;100&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> respiratory rate &#40;RR&#41;&#59; treatment and doses of drug received&#58; remdesivir&#44; lopanivir&#47;ritonavir&#44; interferon &#946;1b&#44; hydroxychloroquine&#44; azithromycin&#44; and anti-inflammatory &#40;corticosteroids&#44; BARI&#44; TCZ&#41;&#59; and outcome&#58; admission to the ICU&#44; hospital discharge&#44; or death&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study was approved by the Spanish Agency for Medicine and Health Products and &#40;AEMPS&#41;&#44; and the Ethics Committee of the University General Hospital of Elche &#40;Alicante&#41;&#44; Spain &#40;Code&#58; COVID19-BARI&#47;TCZ-HMB&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Categorical variables are expressed as frequencies and percentages&#44; and continuous variables with normal distribution of data as mean and standard deviation &#40;SD&#41;&#46; The chi-square &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#967;</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41; test and Student&#39;s <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test were used for comparison of qualitative and quantitative variables&#44; respectively&#46; Statistical significance was set at <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Results</span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Overall population characteristics</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 60 patients were included&#44; of which 43 &#40;72&#37;&#41; were male&#44; with a mean age of 67 &#40;SD&#58; 14&#41; years &#40;range&#58; 34&#8211;91 years&#59; &#60;50&#58; 17&#37;&#44; 50&#8211;70&#58; 30&#37;&#44; &#62;70&#58; 53&#37;&#41;&#46; The mean time of symptom progression was 8&#46;5 &#40;SD&#58; 1&#41; days and mean time of hospital admission&#44; 11 &#40;SD&#58; 3&#46;7&#41; days&#46; Comorbidities included&#44; high blood pressure&#58; 24 &#40;40&#37;&#41; patients&#44; diabetes mellitus&#58; 10 &#40;17&#37;&#41;&#44; ischemic heart disease&#58; 9 &#40;15&#37;&#41;&#44; COPD&#58; 6 &#40;10&#37;&#41;&#44; cancer&#58; 6 &#40;10&#37;&#41;&#44; liver cirrhosis&#58; 2 &#40;4&#37;&#41; and 1 &#40;2&#37;&#41; patient respectively&#44; liver transplant&#44; ankylosing spondylitis in treatment with adalimumab&#44; hepatitis C virus&#44; and AIDS&#46; The Charlson Comorbidity Index score was 3&#46;41&#44; with estimated 10-year survival of 59&#46;8&#37;&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Upon admission&#44; 40 &#40;67&#37;&#41;&#44; patients had a mean temperature of 37&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;C &#40;SD&#58; 1&#46;0&#41;&#44; RR&#58; 29 &#40;SD&#58; 7&#46;6&#41;&#44; O<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> saturation&#58; 91&#37; &#40;SD&#58; 6&#59; range&#58; 75&#37;-96&#37;&#41; and PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#58; 233&#46;7 &#40;SD&#58; 100&#46;9&#59; range&#58; 77&#8211;401&#41;&#46; Forty-nine &#40;82&#37;&#41; patients presented cough&#44; 39 &#40;65&#37;&#41; had dyspnea and 13 &#40;22&#37;&#41; diarrhea&#46; The mean CRP was 15&#46;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dL &#40;SD&#58; 9&#46;2&#41;&#44; lymphocytes&#58; 813&#47;mm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span> &#40;SD&#58; 448&#59; range&#58; 300&#8211;2200&#41;&#44; neutrophils<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1500&#47;mm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#58; 100&#37;&#44; LDH&#58; 434 U&#47;L &#40;SD&#58; 218&#41;&#44; D-dimer&#58; 7560<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;mL &#40;SD&#58; 19&#44;979&#59; range&#58; 511&#8211;107&#44;000&#41;&#44; GPT&#58; 51<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>U&#47;L &#40;SD&#58; 62&#41;&#46; In 55 &#40;92&#37;&#41; patients there were radiological bilateral pulmonary infiltrate &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Treatments received during admission was&#58; antiviral drugs&#58; 28 &#40;47&#37;&#41; patients&#44; azithromycin&#58; 53 &#40;88&#37;&#41;&#44; hydroxychloroquine&#58; 51 &#40;85&#37;&#41;&#44; interferon&#58; 14 &#40;23&#37;&#41;&#44; corticosteroids&#58; 49 &#40;82&#37;&#41;&#44; of which in 42 &#40;86&#37;&#41; patients as intravenous bolus of 250&#8211;500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#46; Thirty one &#40;52&#37;&#41; patients received TCZ&#44; 23 patients &#40;38&#37;&#41; received BARI&#44; both as monotherapy or combined and 17 &#40;28&#37;&#41; patients did not receive any of the anti-cytokine drugs &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46; Neutropenia&#44; thrombotic event&#44; or other relevant side effect was not detected among patients who received BARI and&#47;or TCZ&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Impact of age on mortality and ICU admission</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Thirty-two &#40;53&#37;&#41; patients were over 70 years old and 28 &#40;47&#37;&#41; were under 70&#44; 8 &#40;14&#37;&#41; of them were under 50 and 20 &#40;33&#37;&#41; between 51 and 70&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Fifteen &#40;25&#37;&#41; patients died&#44; 5 of them in ICU&#44; 11 &#40;18&#37;&#41; patients in the first 15 days of admission and 4 &#40;7&#37;&#41; between days 16 to 30 &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46; Sixteen &#40;27&#37;&#41; patients required ICU admission&#58; 15 &#40;94&#37;&#41; of them were under 70 years of age and 1 &#40;6&#37;&#41; patient over 70&#46; Among patients over 70 years versus those under 70&#44; PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> at admission was similar but presented numerically higher mortality &#40;10 &#91;31&#37;&#93; vs 5 &#91;18&#37;&#93;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;59&#41;&#44; higher percentage of patients who did not receive BARI or TCZ &#40;13 &#91;41&#37;&#93; vs 4 &#91;14&#37;&#93;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;32&#41; and lower percentage of ICU admission &#40;1 &#91;3&#37;&#93; vs 15 &#91;94&#37;&#93;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;32&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Baricitinib treatment</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Of the 23 &#40;38&#37;&#41; patients who were treated with BARI&#44; 17 &#40;74&#37;&#41; were male&#44; mean aged of 69 &#40;SD&#58; 13&#46;5&#41; years &#40;range&#58; 30&#8211;85&#41;&#46; Mean progression of symptoms&#58; 9&#46;3 &#40;SD&#58; 5&#46;8&#41; days and of admission 12 &#40;SD&#58; 3&#46;6&#41; days&#59; the mean time in treatment with BARI&#58; 4&#46;5 &#40;SD&#58; 2&#46;6&#41; days &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; In 9 &#40;39&#37;&#41; patients the BARI dose received was 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg and in 14 &#40;61&#37;&#41; 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg daily&#46; Three &#40;13&#37;&#41; patients received only one dose&#44; prior to TCZ&#46; Eight &#40;35&#37;&#41; discontinued BARI at the start of TCZ and 3 &#40;27&#37;&#41; continued BARI after receiving TCZ&#46; Other treatments included antiviral&#58; 10 &#40;44&#37;&#41; patients&#44; azithromycin&#58; 18 &#40;78&#37;&#41;&#44; hydroxychloroquine&#58; 21 &#40;91&#37;&#41;&#44; interferon&#58; 6 &#40;25&#37;&#41;&#44; and 23 &#40;100&#37;&#41; patients received corticosteroids&#44; of whom 18 &#40;78&#37;&#41; received intravenous bolus of 250&#8211;500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">When comparing the 23 patients who received BARI&#44; to the 37 &#40;62&#37;&#41; patients who did not &#40;20 &#91;54&#37;&#93; patients received TCZ&#41;&#44; significant differences were detected at discharge or during the last evaluation&#44; in RR &#40;20&#44; SD&#58; 4&#46;6 vs 24&#44; SD&#58; 7&#46;4&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Twelve &#40;52&#37;&#41; patients received BARI monotherapy &#40;Group 1&#41;&#44; during 6 &#40;SD&#58; 2&#46;6&#41; days on average &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; The PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> average prior to receiving BARI and at discharge was&#58; 167 &#40;82&#46;3&#41; vs 214 &#40;74&#46;3&#41;&#46; None of the patients required ICU and 2 &#40;17&#37;&#41; died&#44; in the first 15 days of admission &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Tocilizumab treatment</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Thirty-one &#40;52&#37;&#41; patients received a dose of intravenous TCZ&#59; 24 &#40;77&#37;&#41; were male&#44; mean age of 63 &#40;SD&#58; 14&#46;3&#41; years &#40;range&#58; 29&#8211;85&#41;&#44; a mean time of progression of symptoms upon admission of 9&#46;7 &#40;SD&#58; 6&#46;8&#41; days and of admission of 11 &#40;3&#46;8&#41; days &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Twenty &#40;65&#37;&#41; patients received a dose of TCZ monotherapy &#40;Group 2&#41;&#46; The PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> average previous receive TCZ and at discharge was&#58; 221 &#40;114&#46;9&#41; vs 222 &#40;150&#46;9&#41;&#46; Thirteen &#40;65&#37;&#41; patients required ICU and 4 &#40;20&#37;&#41; died&#44; in the first 15 days of admission there were no differences between the BARI and TCZ groups in monotherapy&#44; except in the RR at discharge &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Eleven &#40;18&#37;&#41; patients received TCZ and BARI &#40;Group 3&#41;&#46; The PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> average prior to receiving TCZ and at discharge was&#58; 224 &#40;103&#41; vs 188 &#40;136&#41;&#46; Three &#40;27&#37;&#41; patients required ICU and died&#44; two of them in the first 15 days of admission &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">When comparing the 31 patients who received TCZ to the 29 &#40;48&#37;&#41; patients who had not&#44; the group receiving TCZ at admission was younger&#58; 63 &#40;SD&#58; 14&#41; years vs 71 &#40;SD&#58; 14&#41; years &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#44; had higher temperature&#58; 37&#46;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;C &#40;SD&#58; 0&#46;9&#41; vs 37&#46;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;C &#40;SD&#58; 1&#41; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#44; were treated shorter time with BARI&#58; 2&#46;8 &#40;SD&#58; 2&#46;5&#41; vs 6 &#40;2&#46;6&#41; days &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;0001&#41; in patients treated with BARI monotherapy &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#59; and before starting BARI&#44; had lower PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> &#40;108&#46;5 &#91;67&#46;7&#93; vs 165 &#91;66&#46;0&#93;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;06&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Patients not treated with Baricitinib or Tocilizumab</span><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the group of 17 &#40;28&#37;&#41; patients who did not receive any of the anti-cytokine drugs &#40;Group 4&#41;&#44; 11 &#40;65&#37;&#41; were male&#44; mean age of 71&#46;8 &#40;SD&#58; 14&#46;8&#41; years &#40;range&#58; 41&#8211;91&#59; 76&#37; &#62;70 years old&#41;&#44; a mean time of progression from symptoms upon admission of 6&#46;1 &#40;SD&#58; 4&#46;8&#41; days&#44; and of admission of 9&#46;1 &#40;2&#46;5&#41; days&#46; The PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> average at admission and at discharge was&#58; 319 &#40;193&#46;8&#41; vs 330 &#40;183&#41;&#46; None of the patients required ICU admission&#46; However&#44; 6 &#40;35&#37;&#41; patients died&#44; 3 &#40;50&#37;&#41; of them in the first 15 days of admission &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">When comparing the patients of this group to patients who received BARI monotherapy&#44; patients treated with BARI had a significantly higher LDH level upon admission &#40;555 &#91;SD&#58; 221&#46;5&#93; vs 316 &#91;SD&#58; 165&#93;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;01&#41; and at discharge &#40;512 &#91;SD&#58; 314&#46;7&#93; vs 278 &#91;SD&#58; 109&#46;3&#93;&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#44; and lower PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> level upon admission &#40;167 &#91;SD&#58; 82&#46;3&#93; vs 276 &#91;SD&#58; 83&#46;2&#93;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;01&#41; and at discharge &#40;214 &#91;SD&#58; 74&#46;3&#93; vs 330 &#91;SD&#58; 183&#93;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46; In both groups&#44; none of the patients required admission to the ICU &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">When comparing the patients of this group with patients who received TCZ monotherapy &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#44; patients treated with TCZ significantly presented upon admission&#44; a higher percentage of bilateral radiological pneumonia &#40;20 &#91;100&#37;&#93;&#44; vs 13 &#91;76&#37;&#93;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#44; higher temperature &#40;38&#46;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;C &#91;SD&#58; 1&#46;0&#93; vs 37&#46;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;C &#91;SD&#58; 1&#46;1&#93;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;01&#41;&#44; and higher LDH level &#40;472 &#91;SD&#58; 235&#93; vs 316 &#91;165&#93;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Discussion</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">COVID19 infection causes mild illness in most patients&#46; However&#44; approximately 20&#37; of patients can progress to SARS due to the appearance of IP&#44; sepsis&#44; or septic shock&#44; requiring admission to an ICU in about 5&#37; of cases&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> Since many people become infected within a short period of time&#44; it can lead to a health care collapse&#46;</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The current treatment of patients with IP by COVID19 is a challenge for clinicians&#46; Pharmacological treatment is not based on the results of clinical trials&#44; but on previous experiences with other viral infections&#46; There are studies that demonstrate a direct relationship between IL6 level and patient severity&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> Hence the interest in using drugs with anti-IL6 activity&#44; such as TCZ&#44; in these patients&#46;</p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In general&#44; TCZ was used after the first published efficacy data in China&#44; due to its anti-IL6 action in the &#8220;cytokine storm&#8221;&#44; in patients with IP and SARS&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> Given the possibility of difficulties in its supply in that time&#44; the possible benefit of another drug with anti-IL6 action&#44; such as BARI&#44; administered orally&#44; was assessed at our center at an early stage of respiratory failure due to COVID19&#46;</p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Initially&#44; BARI was introduced in our center for patients waiting to start TCZ&#44; at a dose of 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg daily&#44; due to the age of the patients and the presence of high levels of D-dimer&#46; Subsequently&#44; since all patients received prophylactic doses of low molecular weight heparin&#44; it was changed to 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg daily&#44; without finding relevant differences between both doses&#46;</p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As expected&#44; in our study patients receiving BARI and&#47;or TCZ&#44; presented more serious data upon admission&#44; especially PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#46; However&#44; in the group who received BARI monotherapy&#44; with the worst PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> at admission&#44; none of the patients was admitted to the ICU&#44; as occurred in the group that was not treated with BARI and&#47;or TCZ&#46; Therefore&#44; 3 patients&#44; with PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>200&#41;&#44; received BARI before adding TCZ and continued to receive BARI at the same dose &#40;sequential treatment&#41;&#44; not requiring admission to the ICU&#46; Regarding mortality&#44; no differences were detected between all groups&#46; On the other hand&#44; patients who received TCZ&#44; had the worst clinical evolution and therefore there was a higher percentage who entered the ICU&#44; but with similar mortality&#46; In addition&#44; patients with poor clinical evolution or those did not respond to BARI&#44; received TCZ&#44; and presented a higher percentage of admission to ICU than the other groups&#46;</p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">These results could reinforce the idea of introducing BARI early&#44; at the beginning of respiratory failure&#44; measured with PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; and TCZ could be add&#44; if there is no clinical response and PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> worsening&#44; to prevent the need for ICU admission&#46; On the other hand&#44; a sequential treatment &#40;BARI-TCZ-BARI&#41; could be considered&#46;</p><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The length of time that the patient receives BARI and its early introduction&#44; may be related to the possible efficacy of the drug&#46; In patients of our study receiving BARI monotherapy&#44; the mean treatment is 6 days compared to 2&#46;8 days for the group receiving BARI and TCZ combined&#44; mainly because in many patients BARI was started waiting for TCZ&#46;</p><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">During the study&#44; no relevant side effects related with BARI or TCZ have been recorded&#44; even 30 days after discharge&#44; such as thrombotic symptoms&#44; herpes zoster&#44; leukopenia&#44; thrombopenia&#44; or significant alteration of blood transaminases&#46; This can be related to the short period of treatment received&#46;</p><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The age of the patients can be relevant for the prognosis&#46; In our study&#44; numerically relevant differences were detected between those over and under 70 years of age&#46; In patients over 70&#44; 3&#37; of them were admitted to the ICU&#44; but the mortality rate reached 31&#37;&#46; The mortality rate varies between series&#46; In our study 15 &#40;25&#37;&#41; patients died&#44; all in the first 30 days after admission&#44; but the 73&#37; in the first 15 days&#46; However&#44; in the study of Chen&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> 14&#37; of 799 patients admitted died&#46; In the registry from Spanish Society of Internal Medicine &#40;SEMI&#41;&#44; with 6&#46;424 patients included&#44; 8&#46;5&#37; received TCZ and 8&#37; required ICU&#46; The mortality rate was 21&#37;&#44; reaching 73&#37; in patients over 70&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a></p><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">So far&#44; two studies from Italy have been published in patients treated with BARI for pneumonia due to COVID19&#46; The first study&#44; in 12 patients&#44; although the patients were not randomized&#44; they were compared with previous patients who did not receive BARI&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0305"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> with promising results&#46; Patients received standard treatment and BARI daily for 2 weeks and their clinical parameters&#44; CRP&#44; and respiratory evaluation improved in the first and second week&#46; No severe side effects were detected and none of the patients required ICU admission&#46; Recently&#44; the same group has published a multicenter study with 113 patients to which BARI was added to the standard treatment and compared with 87 patients who received standard treatment&#46; At 2 weeks of treatment&#44; the BARI group had significantly lower mortality and ICU admission&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a></p><p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our study has obvious limitations&#58; it is a retrospective and observational study&#44; with a small number of patients and a great heterogeneity among patients treated with BARI or TCZ&#46; It presents a confusion bias due to the severity of the disease&#44; because the most severe patients&#44; and therefore with greater probability of admission to the ICU and mortality&#44; received treatment with anti-IL6 drugs&#46; However&#44; this study aims to draw attention to the possible benefit of BARI in severe cases of IP in this disease&#46;</p><p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In summary&#44; the treatment for patients with IP due to COVID19 has not been fully established&#46; However&#44; the combination of cytokine storm and IP&#44; especially in those older than 70 years&#44; darkens the prognosis&#46; We have showed our experience with BARI and TCZ in this clinical situation&#46; Treatment with BARI and TCZ did not cause serious side effects&#46; They could be considered early in patients with NI secondary to COVID19 and impaired PaO2&#47;PaFi&#46; Randomized clinical studies with these drugs&#44; including sequential therapy are required&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Ethical approval</span><p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors&#46; All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and&#47;or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards&#46;</p><p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The design of the study was approved by the AEMPS &#40;Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Products&#41; and by the Research Ethics Committee of University Hospital of Elche&#44; Spain&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Authors&#8217; contribution</span><p id="par0220" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All authors contributed to the study conception&#44; data collection and design&#46; analysis were performed by Jos&#233; Rosas&#46; The first draft of the manuscript was written by Jos&#233; Rosas and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript&#46; All authors read and approved the final manuscript&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Informed consent</span><p id="par0225" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As it is a retrospective study&#44; it is not necessary to obtain informed consent&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Funding</span><p id="par0230" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study was supported by a research grant from the <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs1">Association for Research in Rheumatology of the Marina Baixa &#40;AIRE-MB&#41;</span>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0085" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0145">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0235" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflict of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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    "fechaAceptado" => "2020-10-28"
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            2 => "Tocilizumab"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To describe the experience of treatment with baricitinib &#40;BARI&#41; and&#47;or tocilizumab &#40;TCZ&#41;&#44; in monotherapy or combined&#44; in patients admitted for interstitial pneumonia secondary to COVID19&#44; and for 30 days after discharge&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Medical records of patients admitted with COVID19 and IP with PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>300&#44; treated with BARI and&#47;or TCZ&#44; and compared with patients who did not&#44; were retrospectively reviewed&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Sixty patients were included&#59; 43 &#40;72&#37;&#41; are males&#44; mean age 67 &#40;SD&#58; 14&#41; years &#40;&#60;50 years&#58; 17&#37;&#59; 51&#8211;70&#58; 30&#37;&#59; &#62;70&#58; 53&#37;&#41;&#44; with 8&#46;5 &#40;SD&#58; 1&#41; days of symptoms&#46; Sixteen &#40;27&#37;&#41; patients required ICU &#40;94&#37; in &#60;70 years&#41;&#46; Fifteen &#40;25&#37;&#41; patients died&#44; 67&#37; in &#62;70 years&#59; 11 &#40;18&#37;&#41; patients died in the first 15 days of admission and 4 &#40;7&#37;&#41; between days 16 to 30&#46; Twenty-three &#40;38&#37;&#41; patients received BARI&#44; 12 &#40;52&#37;&#41; monotherapy &#40;Group 1&#41;&#44; during 6 &#40;SD&#58; 2&#46;6&#41; days on average&#44; none required ICU and 2 &#40;17&#37;&#41; died&#46; Thirty-one &#40;52&#37;&#41; patients received TCZ&#44; 20 &#40;33&#37;&#41; as monotherapy &#40;Group 2&#41;&#44; 16 &#40;52&#37;&#41; patients required ICU and 4 &#40;20&#37;&#41; died&#46; In the 11 &#40;18&#37;&#41; patients who received BARI &#40;2&#46;8 &#91;SD&#58; 2&#46;5&#93; days average&#41; and TCZ combined &#40;Group 3&#41;&#44; 3 &#40;27&#37;&#41; required ICU and died&#46; There were no severe side effects in BARI or TCZ patients&#46; In the 17 &#40;28&#37;&#41; patients who received neither BARI nor TCZ &#40;Group 4&#41;&#44; none required ICU and 6 &#40;35&#37;&#41; died&#46; Mean &#40;SD&#41; PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> at admission between groups was respectively&#58; 167 &#40;82&#46;3&#41;&#44; 221 &#40;114&#46;9&#41;&#44; 236 &#40;82&#46;3&#41;&#44; 276 &#40;83&#46;2&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Treatment with BARI and TCZ did not cause serious side effects&#46; They could be considered early in patients with NI secondary to COVID19 and impaired PaO2&#47;PaFi&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Describir la experiencia con baricitinib &#40;BARI&#41; y&#47;o tocilizumab &#40;TCZ&#41;&#44; en monoterapia o combinados en pacientes ingresados por neumon&#237;a intersticial &#40;NI&#41; por COVID-19 y durante los 30 d&#237;as despu&#233;s del alta&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">M&#233;todo</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se revisaron retrospectivamente las historias cl&#237;nicas de los pacientes ingresados por COVID-19 y NI&#44; con PaO2&#47;FiO2&#60;300&#44; tratados con BARI y&#47;o TCZ y se compararon con pacientes que no los recibieron&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se incluyeron 60 pacientes&#59; 43 &#40;72&#37;&#41; varones&#44; edad media 67 &#40;DE&#58; 14&#41; a&#241;os &#40;&#60; 50 a&#241;os&#58; 17&#37;&#59; 51-70&#58; 30&#37;&#59; &#62; 70&#58; 53&#37;&#41;&#44; y 8&#44;5 &#40;DE&#58; 1&#41; d&#237;as de s&#237;ntomas&#46; Diecis&#233;is &#40;27&#37;&#41; ingresaron en la unidad de cuidados intensivos &#40;UCI&#41; &#40;94&#37; &#60; 70 a&#241;os&#41;&#46; Quince &#40;25&#37;&#41; fallecieron &#40;67&#37; &#62; 70 a&#241;os&#41;&#59; 11 &#40;18&#37;&#41; de ellos en los primeros 15 d&#237;as del ingreso y cuatro &#40;7&#37;&#41; entre los d&#237;as 16 y 30&#46; Veintitr&#233;s &#40;38&#37;&#41; pacientes recibieron BARI&#44; 12 &#40;52&#37;&#41; en monoterapia &#40;Grupo 1&#41;&#44; durante seis &#40;DE&#58; 2&#46;6&#41; d&#237;as de promedio&#44; ninguno de ellos ingres&#243; en UCI y dos &#40;17&#37;&#41; fallecieron&#46; Treinta y un &#40;52&#37;&#41; pacientes recibieron una dosis de TCZ&#44; 20 &#40;33&#37;&#41; en monoterapia &#40;Grupo 2&#41;&#44; 16 &#40;52&#37;&#41; ingresaron en UCI y cuatro &#40;20&#37;&#41; fallecieron&#46; Entre los 11 &#40;18&#37;&#41; pacientes que recibieron BARI &#40;2&#44;8 &#91;DE&#58; 2&#44;5&#93; d&#237;as de promedio&#41; y TCZ combinados &#40;Grupo 3&#41;&#44; tres &#40;27&#37;&#41; ingresaron en UCI y fallecieron&#46; No hubo efectos secundarios graves entre los que recibieron BARI y&#47;o TCZ&#46; Entre los 17 &#40;28&#37;&#41; pacientes que no recibieron ni BARI ni TCZ &#40;Grupo 4&#41;&#44; ninguno ingres&#243; en UCI y seis &#40;35&#37;&#41; fallecieron&#46; La PaO2&#47;FiO2 media &#40;DE&#41; al ingreso entre los grupos fue respectivamente&#58; 167 &#40;82&#44;3&#41;&#44; 221 &#40;114&#44;9&#41;&#44; 236 &#40;82&#44;3&#41;&#44; 276 &#40;83&#44;2&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusi&#243;n</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El tratamiento con BARI y TCZ no provoc&#243; efectos secundarios graves&#46; Podr&#237;an considerarse precozmente en pacientes con NI secundaria a COVID-19 y deterioro de PaO2&#47;PaFi&#46;</p></span>"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please see a list of the members of the COVID19-HMB Group in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0090">Appendix A</a>&#46;</p>"
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            "apendice" => "<p id="par0245" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Anesthesia&#58; Gracia Barber Ballester&#44; Francisco Mart&#237;nez Adsuar&#44; Agust&#237; Mart&#237;nez Tom&#225;s&#44; Lourdes Marug&#225;n Rodr&#237;guez&#44; Alejandra Molines Cant&#243;&#44; Cristina Munck &#193;lvarez&#44; Beatriz Navarro&#44; Victoria Ortiz S&#225;nchez&#44; Henry Romero Quintana&#44; Isabel Tar&#237; Valls&#44; Patricia Valls Linares&#44; Vicente de Vera&#46; Cardiology&#58; Mar Erdociain Perales&#44; Manuel Macias&#44; Bego&#241;a Tocado Unzalu&#46; Endocrinology&#58; Carlos Argente Villaplana&#44; Sara Alonso D&#237;az&#46; Gastroenterology&#58; Antonio Garc&#237;a Herola&#44; Laura G&#243;mez Escolar Viejo&#44; Bel&#233;n Herreros Mart&#237;nez&#44; Cristina Qu&#237;lez Ivorra&#44; Jaime Valverde de la Osa&#46; Internal Medicine&#58; Josep Tom&#225;s Algado Rabasa&#44; Concepci&#243;n Amador Prous&#44; Concepci&#243;n Benito Santaleocadia&#44; Javier Ena Mu&#241;oz&#44; Pere Esquerdo Ramis&#44; Ana M&#170; Garijo Saiz&#44; M&#170; Angeles Gil Hurtado&#44; Enrique G&#243;mez Segado&#44; David de Haedo S&#225;nchez&#44; Cristina Jauset Alcal&#225;&#44; &#193;ngela Navarro Corral&#44; Roser Navarro Soler&#44; Fernando Mart&#237;nez Salazar&#44; Pablo Oteo L&#243;pez&#44; Francisco Pasquau Lia&#241;o&#44; Santiago P&#233;rez Mart&#237;n&#44; Melina Pucciarelli Saccomandi&#44; Lara Ram&#243;n M&#250;gica&#44; Isabel Selles Sirera&#46; Intensive Care&#58; Susana Almanza L&#243;pez&#44; Fernando Asensio Paya&#44; Eugenia Blasco Ciscar&#44; Jos&#233; Mar&#237;a Carrasco Barea&#44; Pablo Fern&#225;ndez Arroyo&#44; Isabel Fern&#225;ndez L&#243;pez&#44; Manuel Marco Escoto&#44; Mar&#237;a Luisa Navarrete Rebollo&#44; Ricardo Palomino Le&#243;n&#44; Mar&#237;a Jes&#250;s Prieto Bragado&#44; Laura Ruiz P&#233;rez&#44; Julia Tejerina Puig&#44; Jos&#233; Vaya Moscard&#243;&#46; Medicine Preventive&#58; Patricia Garc&#237;a Shimizu&#46; Microbiology&#58; Francisco Jos&#233; Arjona Zaragoz&#237;&#44; B&#225;rbara G&#243;mez Alonso&#44; Carmen Mart&#237;nez Peinado&#46; Neurology&#58; Leticia Berenguer Ruiz&#44; Araceli Bernal Velasco&#44; M&#170; Empar Blanco Cant&#243;&#44; Raquel Hern&#225;ndez Lorido&#44; El&#237;as Khabbaz Ca&#241;avate&#46; Nephrology&#58; Carlos Garc&#237;a Aparicio&#44; Yussel Gonz&#225;lez Galv&#225;n&#46; Pharmacy&#58; Mari Luz Boquera Ferrer&#44; Alberto Mart&#237; Llorca&#44; Amparo Raga Beser&#44; Gregorio Sanz Tamargo&#44; Elisa Soler Giner&#46; Pneumology&#58; Patricia Ferrer Ferrer&#44; M&#243;nica Llombart Cant&#243;&#44; Adela Mart&#237;nez Sanch&#237;s&#44; Brian Vila Auli&#46; Rheumatology&#58; Jos&#233; Antonio Bernal Vidal&#44; Ana Pons Bas&#44; Jos&#233; Rosas&#44; Gregorio Santos Soler&#44; Jos&#233; Miguel Senabre Gallego&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">&#40;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">&#40;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">BARI monotherapy&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">TCZ monotherapy&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">BARI&#43;TCZ&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">No BARI&#47;No TCZ&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#58; 12 &#40;20&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#58; 20 &#40;33&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#58; 11 &#40;18&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#58; 17 &#40;28&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">67&#46;8 &#40;13&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">59&#46;4 &#40;14&#46;5&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#43;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">70&#46;1 &#40;13&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">73&#46;8 &#40;14&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Male&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;75&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15 &#40;75&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;73&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;65&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Days with symptoms&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8&#46;3 &#40;5&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9&#46;2 &#40;7&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10&#46;4 &#40;6&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&#46;1 &#40;4&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Days admission&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11&#46;6 &#40;3&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10&#46;7 &#40;4&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11&#46;9 &#40;3&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9&#46;1 &#40;2&#46;5&#41;&#94;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Days on BARI&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;2&#46;6&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#167;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#46;8 &#40;2&#46;5&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#8800;&#8800;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">OH-CLQ&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;83&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15 &#40;75&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;100&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">14 &#40;82&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Corticosteroids&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;92&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">20 &#40;100&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;100&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;59&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Interferon&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;17&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Diarrhea&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Temperature &#176;C&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CRP mg&#47;dL&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lymphocytes&#47;mm</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">3</span></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">975 &#40;417&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">LDH U&#47;L&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Last or discharge&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">D Dimer ng&#47;mL&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Admission&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12&#46;265 &#40;23&#46;267&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#46;455 &#40;10&#46;388&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8&#46;227 &#40;28&#46;500&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&#46;205 &#40;16&#46;880&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Last or discharge&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&#46;708 &#40;10&#46;484&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#46;865 &#40;3&#46;563&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#46;876 &#40;10&#46;958&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;902 &#40;2&#46;001&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Neutropenia&#47;mm</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">3</span></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">last &#60;1&#46;000&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">GPT last&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">66&#46;1 &#40;49&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">93&#46;8 &#40;86&#46;9&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#43;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30 &#40;51&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">69 &#40;63&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SatO</span><span class="elsevierStyleInf"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2</span></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Admission&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">90&#46;5 &#40;6&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">91&#46;7 &#40;4&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">87&#46;2 &#40;7&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">94&#46;2 &#40;4&#46;6&#41;&#94;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Last or discharge&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">94&#46;7 &#40;2&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">91&#46;7 &#40;12&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">94&#46;2 &#40;3&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">93&#46;2 &#40;8&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">PaFI&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Admission&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">167 &#40;82&#46;3&#41;&#42;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">221 &#40;114&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">236 &#40;82&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">276 &#40;83&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Pre-BARI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">165 &#40;66&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">108&#46;5 &#40;67&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8211;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Last or discharge&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">214 &#40;74&#46;3&#41;&#42;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">222 &#40;150&#46;9&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#43;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">133&#46;8 &#40;77&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">330 &#40;183&#46;0&#41;&#94;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Respiratory frequency&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Admission&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">28 &#40;7&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30 &#40;7&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">34 &#40;7&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">25 &#40;7&#46;5&#41;&#94;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Last or discharge&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">19 &#40;4&#46;6&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#182;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">24 &#40;7&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">21 &#40;4&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">22 &#40;7&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chest X-ray bilateral pneumonia&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;92&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">20 &#40;100&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#43;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;91&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">13 &#40;76&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Severe adverse effects &#40;SAE&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">13 &#40;65&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;27&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hospital readmission 30 days after discharge&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Overall mortality since admission&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;17&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">4 &#40;20&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;27&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;35&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">1&#8211;15 days</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">16&#8211;30 days</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">All&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">&#60;50 years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">50&#8211;70 years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">&#8804;70 years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">&#62;70 years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#58; 60 &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#58; 8 &#40;13&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#58; 20 &#40;33&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#58; 28 &#40;47&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#58; 32 &#40;53&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">ICU admission &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span>&#58; 16&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16 &#40;27&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;75&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;45&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15 &#40;54&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mortality &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span>&#58; 15&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15 &#40;25&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#47;FiO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> upon admission&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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